Opioid Pharmacology 17.11.23

Question 1

How do opioids work?

Answer 1

Inhibit the release of pain transmitters at spinal cord and midbrain - and modulate pain perception in higher centres - euphoria - changes the emotional perception of pain

Question 2

What is bioavailability of oral morphine?

Answer 2

50%

Question 3

What is morphine metabolised to?

Answer 3

Morphine-6-glucuronide —> this is more potent than morphine

Question 4

What is a potential complication for morphine overdose?

Answer 4

Respiratory distress!!

Question 5

How is morphine-6-glucuronide excreted?

Answer 5

Renally - cleared quickly with normal renal function but in pts with less than 30% renal function (creatinine clearance is blow 30) BE CAREFUL! Reduce dose and timing interval

Question 6

All opioids prescribed are what type of agonists?

Answer 6

Mu agonist (Greek letter)

Question 7

Kappa agonists cause what effect? Depression or euphoria?

Answer 7

Depression

Question 8

What drug do you give for a person overdosed on opioids? What is fastest route to give?

Answer 8

Naloxone - fastest by IV + dilute it!