14.5 Coordinated Response Flashcards
What is the fight or flight response
When potentially dangerous situation is detected the body will automatically trigger a series of physical responses
What detects threats in the body and what systems are involved when a threat is detected
The autonomic nervous system detects threats and the hypothalamus will communicate with the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal cortical system
What is the difference between the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal cortical system
Sympathetic uses neuronal pathways to initiate body reactions
Adrenal cortical uses hormones in the bloodstream
What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system
It sends impulses to glands and smooth muscle and tells the adrenal medulla to release adrenaline and noradrenaline to increase heart rate
What gets secreted from the pituritary gland in the brain by the stimulation of the hypothalamus
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) This travels in blood stream to adrenal cortex where it activates the release of many hormones that prepare the body to deal with a threat
What are the physiological responses which occur as the fight of flight response
Increased heart rate Pupil dilation Arterioles in skin constrict Blood glucose increase which increases respiration Smooth muscle around airways relax Non essential organs shut down
What does adrenaline do to the body
It will trigger liver cells to undergo glycogenolysis so glucose are released into the bloodstream increasing respiration
What is the action pathway of adrenaline when it binds to liver cells surface
Binds to receptors activating adenylyl Cyclase
Adenylyl cyclase truggers the conversion of ATP into cAMP on the inner surface of the cell membrane
The increase in cAMP levels activates protein kinases which phosphorylate abs activate enzymes glycogen to glucose
Why does adrenaline attach to the surface of liver cells
And what is the action of adrenaline called
It is hydrophilic
A second messenger model
