Vomiting, Gastric, Intestinal and beyond Flashcards

1
Q

List the signs of a GI obstruction

A

severe nausea
abdominal pain
lack of faeces
vomiting

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2
Q

List 5 history questions to ask when trying to rule out obstructive disease

A

always ask about scavenging/ foreign bodies/ diet
diarrhoea in puppies/kittens
BCS - condition loss is concern in chronic disease
faecal output- if normal then obstruction is less likely
other signs of disease e.g. PU/PD

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3
Q

If vomiting is acute but the dog is fine in itself what do we do

A

symptomatic treatment
give a GI diet
gastro-protectants and anti-emetics

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4
Q

describe GI diet

A

high bioavailability of protein
easily digestible carbs and fats
low fibre (both slow gastric emptying)

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5
Q

What do you do if Acute vomiting and none-responsive to symptomatic treatment

A

DON’T continue with drugs and symptomatic and send home
look and see if other clinical signs developing
consider obstructive again- re-evaluate

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6
Q

What do you do if Acute vomiting and none-responsive to symptomatic treatment- with D+/ changes in faecal output

A

consider faecal samples for bacteria, viral parasitic disease

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7
Q

What do you do if Acute vomiting and none-responsive to symptomatic treatment- with PUPD

A

Biochemistry to assess for renal or hepatic disease e.g. Acute Kidney Injury

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8
Q

What do you do if Acute vomiting and none-responsive to symptomatic treatment- with neuro signs

A

Cranial nerve deficits/changes in vision -> cerebral disease
Ataxia/head tilt -> vestibular system (check the ears)

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9
Q

What do you do if Acute vomiting and none-responsive to symptomatic treatment-with pyrexia

A

Look for the infectious/inflammatory focus -> POCUS, haematology, biochemistry

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10
Q

What can cause chronic vomiting with weight loss

A

chronic enteropathies
Chronic hepatic, renal or endocrine disease
Neoplasia
chronic pancreatitis

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11
Q

List the 4 most common neoplasias of the GI tract

A

Adenocarcinoma
Leiomyosarcoma and GIST
Lymphoma
Polyps

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12
Q

What is the most common tumour of the stomach and large intestine

A

Adenocarcinoma
also affects small intestine

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13
Q

Lust the clinical signs seen with Adenocarcinoma

A

vomiting blood- may look like coffee granules - gastric
ribbon like faeces- SI and colonic

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14
Q

Describe how to treat adenocarcinomas

A

surgical excision +/- draining lymph nodes

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15
Q

what is the prognosis for adenocarcinomas

A

Gastric- 6 months
SI 4-18 months
Colorectal 2-4 years

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