Surgical investigations and interventions Flashcards
What are the 4 purposes you could use an exlap for
diagnostic
prognostic
therapeutic
preventative purposes
If you dont find anything on exlap, what should you do
take samples
Name the 5 regions of the abdomen
- Cranial quadrant
- Intestinal tract
- Right paravertebral region
- Left paravertebral region
- Caudal quadrant
what is the best way to close the linea alba
continuous suture pattern
so even distribution of tension
absorbable monofilament
describe post-op management of an exploratory laporotomy
Restricted exercise for 2-3 weeks
Monitor the incision
monitor behavious and feeding
removal of skin sutures 7-10 days post-op
list 3 indications of oesophageal surgery
Placement of oesophagostomy feeding tube (common)
Removal of an oesophageal foreign body
Partial oesophagectomy for resection of an oesophageal tumour (very rare)
describe how to approach investigating a potential oesophageal foreign body
high index of suspicion from clinical history
plain radiography
endoscopy
list 3 disorders that PEG tubes are most commonly placed in
dysphagia
oesophageal disorders
chronic diseases that may require long-term nutritional assistance
what is a PEG tube
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
are a minimally invasive and highly effective method for providing proper nutrition to dogs and cats.
What is the suture holding layer of the stomach
submucosal layer
How can we differentiate the dueodenum and jeunum
the duodeno-jejunal ligament is present at the point where they change
what fixes the bowels semi in place
the mesentery
how can we visualise structures under all the intestines
using the mesenteric dam - lift the mesentery and use it to pick up all of the intestines and scoop them to the side
what do we expose in the duodenal mesenteric dam manoeuvre
caudal vena cava, caudal pole of the right kidneys, right lateral liver lobe
what do we expose in the colonic mesenteric dam manoeuvre
the left kidney and adrenal gland
if a dog has had previous midline surgery, what do we need to be careful of when operating
adhesions between the previous lilnea alba closure site and any organs
where is the external rectal sheath easy to catch
cranial to the umbilicus
what pattern and suture material do we use to close the linea alba
continuous suture pattern with an absorbable monofilament (i.e. PDS)
does the linea alba ever return to its full strength
No
how long does it take for the linea alba to return to 60-80% of its original strength
60 days
when should you recheck afte an exlap
around 4-5 days to ensure adequate wound healing and to check for dehiscence
how long till an animal can exercise properly following exlap
2-3 weeks
List 6 advantages of NGT
non-invasive
well-tolerated
doesn’t prevent eating or drinking
doesn’t require GA
easy to place
can be managed by owners at home
List 6 disadvantages of NGT
not suitable if patient is vomiting or unconscious
not suitable if patients lag a gag reflex or have megaoesophagus
easily dislodged
has a small bore
only useful for short term
can cause rhinitis or epistaxis
List 5 advantages of oesophagostomy tubes
large bores can be used
well tolerated
can be used long-term
animals can eat orally
can be managed by owners at home
List 5 disadvantages of oesophagostomy tubes
requires GA for placement
surgical procedure required
infections can occur
can’t be used in vomiting patients
can be hard to place in challenging or obese patients