nucleic acids Flashcards

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1
Q

what are nucleic acids also know as

A

polynucleotides
information molecules of cell

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2
Q

are nucleic acids monomers or polymers

A

polymers

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3
Q

what do nucleic acids carry

A

all the information needed to form new cells

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4
Q

what does the information in nucleic acids take a part of

A

the code of molecules in DNA

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5
Q

what are nucleic acids made of

A

many nucleotide monomer units

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6
Q

how are nucleic acids formed

A

they are chains of nucleotides linked together by condensation reactions that produce phosphodiester bonds between sugar on one nucleotide and phosphate group of next nucleotide

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7
Q

why do polynucleotides always have a hydroxyl group at the end and a phosphate group at the other

A

because the sugar of one nucleotide bonds to the phosphate group of the next nucleotide

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8
Q

hydrogen bonds between A and U

A

2 hydrogen bonds

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9
Q

structure of RNA molecules

A

they form single polynucleotide strands that can fold into complex shapes held in place by hydrogen bonds or remain as long thread like molecules

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10
Q

structure of DNA molecules

A

consist of two polynucleotide strands twisted around each other. the sugars and phosphates form the backbone of the molecule and pointing inwards from two sugar phosphate back bone are bases which pair up in specific ways

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11
Q

how do hydrogen bonds form between base pairs in DNA

A

between the amino and carboxyl groups of the purine and pyrimidine bases on the opposite strand

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12
Q

5’

A

the strand where carbon 5 is attached to the phosphate group of the first nucleotide in the chain

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13
Q

3’

A

where carbon 3 is attached to first phosphate group of first nucleotide group of chain

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14
Q

how many base pairs are there for each complete twist of the helix

A

10 base pairs

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15
Q

what is free at 5’

A

the phosphate group at the end of carbon 5

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16
Q

whats free at 3’ end

A

-OH group

17
Q

genome

A

entire genetic material of an organism

18
Q
A