Psych unit 6 Flashcards
Abnormal psychology
psychological dysfunctioning, psychopathology, psychological disorders or mental disorders
Madness was seen as demonic possession or witch or warlock possession. “Cure”, cast out evil spirit by burning or drowning
Paresis
memory loss, impairment of judgement, decrease motivation. Lead to hallucination, mood swing
Medical model
search for patterns in symptoms present. To identify a syndrome
Four D’s
Deviance, Distress, Dysfunction, Danger
Deviance behaviour; thoughts and emotions deviate from a society’s ideas about proper functioning (ex. Women participating in sports was considered abnormal)
Distress; emotions, ideas, or behaviours cause distress or unhappiness (ex. Diane felt upset by her negative feelings, impacted her life)
Dysfunction; abnormal behaviour interferes with everyday living (ex. Diane lost connections with friends)
Danger; more of a danger to themselves than others
Eccentric
deviates from common behaviour patterns or displays odd or whimsical behaviour. Ex. someone who lives alone with a dozen animals or Lady Gaga
Not psychological disorder but a continuum
Classification system
International classification of diseases and Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Lists 22 major categories of mental disorders
Diagnosis
persons symptoms fit the criteria for a particular disorder. Same patterns as there people who have the same diagnosis
Diane; major depressive disorder and avoidant personality disorder
Comorbidity
co-occurrence of two or more diagnoses in one person
Genetic infection
genes combine and help produce our actions and reactions, functional and dysfunctional.
Viral infection
exposure to certain viruses before birth or childhood
Reductionist perspectives
reduce complex phenomenon to a single cause
Biopsychosocial perspective
important areas of human development. Genetic and epigenetic factors as well as biochemical influences and differences in brain structure and function.
Diathesis-stress model
person may inherit a genetic predisposition
Cognitive behaviours
private thoughts and beliefs
Classical conditioning
previous neutral object becomes paired with stimuli that makes it a fear
Operant conditioning
process of rewards and punishment. Ex. eating disorder, people complimenting you are skinny
Modelling
learning by observing others. Ex. kids following parents
Selective perception
seeing only negative features of an event
Magnification
exaggerating the importance of undesirable events
Overgeneralization
drawing broad negative conclusions on an insignificant event
Psychodynamic
persons behaviour from underlying psychological force (not consciously aware)
Fixated at early stage of development if they don’t meet id, ego or superego needs
Object relation theorists
establish relationships with others, known as objects
Socio-cultural model
social, cultural and family forces brought to bear on an individual
Social change
when society undergoes a major change. Ex. Covide increase in mental disorders
Socio-economic class
psychological abnormality in lower socio-economic class than higher. Ex. poverty and unemployment
Cultural factors
abnormal behaviour. Ex. Suicide rates of the indigenous population has increased.
Religion; found less isolated and depressed
Social network and supports
people who are found isolated and lack social support tend to be more likely to be depressed
Family systems
how family members interact with each other. Structure and communication. Ex. Diane was a third parent in the family and affected her mentally
