ANTIMIOCROBIAL

Question 1

Which class of antibacterials demonstrates concentration-dependent killing, where higher drug concentrations correlate with more rapid eradication?

A) Aminoglycosides
B) β-lactams
C) Glycopeptides
D) Quinolones

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What defines the therapeutic action of β-lactam antibiotics?

A) Time-dependent bacteriostatic action
B) Concentration-dependent killing
C) Direct inhibition of DNA gyrase
D) Irreversible inhibition of cell wall synthesis

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which β-lactamase inhibitor, when combined with penicillin, provides broad-spectrum coverage for community-acquired infections involving Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria?

A) Clavulanate
B) Tazobactam
C) Piperacillin
D) Cefepime

Answer 3

A) Clavulanate

Question 4

Which antibiotic is considered the drug of choice for typhoid, as well as bacterial meningitis, due to its good CSF penetration and broad-spectrum activity against community-acquired Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

A) Amoxicillin
B) Cefazolin
C) Ceftriaxone
D) Cefepime

Answer 4

C

Question 5

Among fluoroquinolones, which generation of the drug demonstrates a spectrum that includes Gram-positive (especially Streptococci) and Gram-negative bacteria, except for Pseudomonas?

A) First generation
B) Second generation
C) Third generation
D) Fourth generation

Answer 5

C

Question 6

Which antibiotic class, while showing resistance due to altered targets, is regarded as an alternative for severe beta-lactam allergy and is used in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB)?

A) Aminoglycosides
B) Macrolides
C) Tetracyclines
D) Quinolones

Answer 6

A

Question 7

Among macrolides, which antibiotic(s) is/are considered the drugs of choice for Mycoplasma, Chlamydophila, and Legionella infections?

A) Erythromycin
B) Clarithromycin & Azithromycin
C) Erythromycin & Clarithromycin
D) Azithromycin

Answer 7

B

Question 8

Which antibiotic, often used for prophylaxis against falciparum malaria, is limited in its use for respiratory infections due to the high prevalence of resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae?

A) Tetracyclines
B) Cotrimoxazole
C) Metronidazole
D) Macrolides

Answer 8

A

Question 9

What antibiotic combination inhibits successive steps in bacterial folate pathway, preventing nucleic acid synthesis, and is the drug of choice for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV patients?

A) Aminoglycosides
B) Cotrimoxazole
C) Metronidazole
D) Macrolides

Answer 9

B

Question 10

Which antibiotic demonstrates toxicity related to prolonged elevated trough levels, leading to cochlear and vestibular damage, and is considered for serious infections due to recent toxicity concerns?

A) Macrolides
B) Aminoglycosides
C) Quinolones
D) Glycopeptides

Answer 10

B