Terms, Definitions and Basic Knowledge Flashcards
What is meant by the term tidal volume?
The amount of air that fills the lungs with each breath
Define lung compliance
The lungs’ ability to expand and contract
Define hypoxia
A lack of oxygen absorbed by the tissue to sustain bodily function
Define hypoxaemia
A lack of oxygen within the blood
What is hypercapnia and what is the value to identify it
1) Retention of co2
2) pco2 >45
What is ventilation?
Process of moving air in and out of the lungs (ie. Breathing)
What is oxygenation?
The process of o2 being absorbed into the blood stream
What is deadspace ventilation?
The volume of ventilated air that doesn’t participate in gas exchange
What is PIP?
Define PIP.
1) Peek inspirary pressure
2) The pressure within the lungs at the end of each inspiration
What is PEEP?
Define it.
Positive End Expiratory Pressure
The residue pressure left in the lung after an exhale
**picture a door cracked allowing gas to exhange in and out through the door (PEEPing through) if your pco2 is still high, open wider (increase to PEEP through the widened door)
What is meant by the term pressure support?
A target pressure that is provided during inspiration to support a spontaneous breath
What is IPAP?
IPAP is another name for PIP
What is EPAP?
What does it do to the lungs
1) EPAP is another name for PEEP.
2) It maintains a set pressure and the end of the expiratory phase to hold open the alveoli and acheive better gas exchange
An OG physician says to you I want the following settings
IPAP: 10
EPAP: 5
Tidal vol: 500
What would you set on the Hamilton ventilator to acheive this?
Pressure support: 5
PEEP: 5
Tidal Volume 500
Define dyssynchrony
Ventilator dyssynchrony is defined as the inappropriate timing and delivery of a mechanical breath in response to patient effort and may cause ventilator induced lung injury
