Metabolic And Endocrine Emergency Flashcards
What is DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis)
Starvation of cells from lack of glucose in diabetic patients and can be fatal
What do you monitor in DKA patients.
BG q2hr, mentation, urine output/color, electrolytes q4-8hrs initially then BID, parameters for fluid overload, CBC/Chem
What is the common name for hypoadrenocorticism
Addisons disease
What is hypoadrenocorticism
Deficiency in the production of aldosterone and cortisol by the adrenal glands
Why is aldosterone important
It regulates electrolytes status by promoting sodium and chloride reabsorption in exchange for potassium and hydrogen
Why is cortisol important
Many body systems depend on it, mainly the GI and helps prevent shock
Patient are at higher risk for what during an addisonian crisis
Hypovolemia and shock
What is Azotemia
Increase of nitrogen and other waste products in the blood
What should be closely monitored in patients in an Addisonian crisis
Hydration status, arrhythmias, possibility of shock and hypovolemia
What are the four body systems hypercalcemia primary effects
Renal, Gi, neuromuscular, and cardiovascular
What are commons signs seen with kidney injury
V, anorexia, lethargy, depression
In DKA patients fluid therapy should be done within what time frame before administering insulin
4-6hrs
Hypocalcemia primarily effects what body systems
Neuromuscular, cardiovascular, Gi, and respiratory
What are the most common signs of hypocalcemia
Anorexia, disorientation, muscle tremors, panting, fever, PU/PD
