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Developmental Concepts > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Young adulthood age range?

A

18-22/25

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2
Q

Adolescence age range?

A

11-18

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3
Q

What is the Erickson stage of adolescence?

A

Identity vs confusion

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4
Q

The adolescence period begins with ___ and ends with ___

A

Begins with sexual maturity and ends with cessitation of growth

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5
Q

When do people develop more sophisticated reasoning ability and abstract thinking

A

Adolescence

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6
Q

Puberty/Pre-adolescence is marked by

A

rapid physical growth
and development of secondary sex characteristics

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7
Q

Puberty/Pre-Adolescence age ranges

A

Males: 9-11

Females: 8-10

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8
Q

The onset of puberty occurs due to

A

gonadal hormone changes

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9
Q

Puberty in women ends with the onset of

A

Menses

Females: menarche at age 12-13
Males: production of sperm

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10
Q

What are the four major changes in puberty?

A

Primary sex characteristics
secondary sex characteristics
rapid physical growth
change in body proportions

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11
Q

Factors that affect timing of puberty

A

Stress
Genetics
Socioeconomic status
Environmental toxins
Nutrition exercise diet
Fat and bodyweight
Chronic ilness

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12
Q

Female athletes might have a ____ menarche

A

Delayed menarche and menstural irregularities

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13
Q

Pubertal maturation in girls occurs when

A

establishment of cyclic ovarian cycle

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14
Q

Puberty is _______ to the prenatal period as the
phase of most rapid growth

A

Second to

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15
Q

Growth spurt bodypart order?

A

Feet -> Legs -> Trunk

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16
Q

How much height and weight do boys gain in puberty?

A

4-12 inches
15-65 pounds

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17
Q

How much height and weight do girls gain in puberty

A

2-8 inches
15-65 pounds

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18
Q

Girls: ceases growth between
_____ years of age; reach 98% of final height by age __

A

Between 16-17

Final height by: 17

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19
Q

Boys: continue to grow in
height up to ______ years of age; reach 98% of final height
by age ___

A

18-20

Final height by age 18.

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20
Q

Body mass index by age?

A

Underweight <5%
Healthy weight 5%-85%
Overweight 85-95%
Obese 95%+

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21
Q

BMI ranges?

A

Underweight: 18.5
Normal weight: 18.5-24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Obese: 30+

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22
Q

At the face, the ____ reaches adult size first

A

Nose

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23
Q

____ grow faster than muscles during puberty, leading to motor awkwardness

A

bones

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24
Q

Bone growth stops at approximately __ years old for girls

A

18

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25
Q

Bone growth stops at approximately __ years old for boys

A

21

26
Q

All epiphysial plates are typically closed by

A

25

27
Q

Skeletal maturity is attained when the __________
close

A

Epiphysial plates close

28
Q

A fracture across a growth plate can lead to ________ growth of that joint

A

asymmetric

29
Q

Episphyseal closure begins in childhood

Cranial bones fuse:

Fusion of vertebral arches:

Fusion at lumbar spine:

A

Cranial bones: By 2 years old
Vertebral arches: In first year of life
Lumbar spine: By 6 Y/O

30
Q

On average, females stop growing around age

A

13-15

31
Q

On average, Males stop growing around age

A

15-17

32
Q

For most people height will not increase after age __ to __ due to the closure in the growth plates of long bones

A

18-20

33
Q

Bone is ________ through much of adolescence

A

Immature
* Unstable Physys
* More porous with thick periosteum

34
Q

How do you measure skeletal maturity?

A

compare ossification amount
on x-ray with standard

35
Q

Adult muscle diameter reached in _____

A

Early teens 12-15

36
Q

As the body grows, what increases first?

Muscle endurance
Muscle mass
Muscle strength

A

Muscle mass

37
Q

Strength increases _______ with age from childhood
through adolescence

A

Linearly

38
Q

In girls, strength levels off at age

A

15

39
Q

In boys, strength gains accelerate between ages

A

13-20

40
Q

For adolesence HR is ____ during max and submax exercise

A

Higher

41
Q

For adolesence Stroke volume is ____ during max and submax exercise

A

Lower

42
Q

Normal Respiratory rate of adolesence?

A

16-24

43
Q

Normal BPM of adolesence?

A

60-90

44
Q

Adjusted for mass, cardiac output is ______ in children and teens

A

Higher

45
Q

In teens, Blood pressure is ____ at rest, with a systolic slope that is less dramatic with exercise

A

Lower

46
Q

Adolescence produce _____ metabolic heat/mass unit during physical activities than adults

A

More

Therefore at increased risk of cold-injuries due to heat loss

47
Q

Why are adolesence at a higher risk of high-heat injuries?

A

Lower sweating capacity due to fewer sweat
glands

48
Q

Exercise Perscription for adolescence

A

3-5x per week
50-85% of VO2 max
40-50% in deconditioned individuals
Time 30-60 mins

49
Q

Adolesence psychosocial key points

A
  • need for privacy
  • Social antagonism
  • resent supervision and directions
  • struggle for independence
  • wish to be free from restrictions and parental control
  • Often becomes negative in their attitudes
  • Self-concious about their bodies
50
Q

Children develop their own self-concepts: question and test out values
and beliefs during what developmental stage?

A

Adolesence

51
Q

Which teen years does this describe?:

Most self-centered, seen from their point of view

Value peer’s opinions with the stereotypical adolescent preoccupations

A

Young Teen 13-14

52
Q

Which teen years does this describe?:

Better at compromising, more tolerant of others’ views

Think more independently and make more of their own decision

Risk-taking behaviors, with a focus on the present and denial of consequence

Dating begins

A

Middle teens 15-16

53
Q

Which teen years does this describe?

Develop a sense of seriousness

Ends when they take on adult work roles, marry, or become parents

A

Late teens 17-18

54
Q

Between what ages does this develop?
increasingly capable of thinking
hypothetically, applying formal logic, and using
abstract concepts
* More relative and less absolute
* More self-reflective
* Capable of considering an extended time perspective

A

Age 11-14

55
Q

Small ____ in self-esteem have been documented during the second decade of life
* Initial ______ in early adolescence, particularly among girls
* Low self-esteem associated with depression

A

Gains

Decline

56
Q

Self-esteem affected by personal judgment of:

A
  • Physical attractiveness, particularly among girls
  • Acceptance by peers
  • Academic competence
  • Athletic ability and conduct
57
Q

During adolescence: perceived support from parents and peers is associated with
adolescent self-esteem

________ takes on increasing importance during this period

A

Peer Support

58
Q

Suicide is the __ cause of death amongst youth and young adults

A

3rd

59
Q

Depression can be masked by Masked by anxiety, eating disorders, substance abuse, and _____

A

Hyperactivity

60
Q

End of high school – ___% have had sexual intercourse

A

48%

61
Q

Condom use amongst adolesence: __%

A

57%

62
Q

RED-S was formerly known as

A

Female athlete triad

Developmental Concepts (7 decks)

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