ch 8 + 10

Question 1

strepsirrhines

Answer 1

members of the primate suborder strepsirrhini, which includes lemurs and lorises

Question 2

haplorhines

Answer 2

members of the primate suborder Haplorhini, which includes tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans

Question 3

derived

Answer 3

being or having a feature that is not present in the ancestral form

Question 4

orthograde

Answer 4

referring to an upright body position

Question 5

superorder

Answer 5

a taxonomic group ranking above an order and below a class or subclass

Question 6

sister groups

Answer 6

the relationship of new clades that result from the splitting of a single common lineage

Question 7

last common ancestor

Answer 7

the final evolutionary link between two related groups

Question 8

crown group

Answer 8

all of the taxa that come after a major speciation event

Question 9

taxa

Answer 9

a taxonomic group of any rank

Question 10

stem group

Answer 10

all of the taxa in a clade before a major speciation event

Question 11

semiorder

Answer 11

the taxonomic category above suborder and below order

Question 12

euprimates

Answer 12

“true primates” coined by elwyn simons

Question 13

postcranial

Answer 13

referring to all or part of the skeleton not including the skull

Question 14

island hopping

Answer 14

traveling from one island to the next

Question 15

subfossil

Answer 15

bone not old enough to have become completely mineralized as a fossil

Question 16

bilophodont

Answer 16

referring to molars that have four cusps oriented in two parallel rows,

Question 17

paleoprimatologists

Answer 17

anthropologists specializing in the study of the nonhuman primate fossil record

Question 18

catarrhine

Answer 18

member of catarrhini a parvorder of primates, one of the three major divisions of the suborder haplorhini, old world monkeys, apes and humans

Question 19

platyrrhines

Answer 19

members of platyrrhini a parvorder of primates, one of the three major divisions of the suborder haplorhini, new world monkeys

Question 20

parvorder

Answer 20

a toxonomic group below infraorder

Question 21

Y-5 molar

Answer 21

a molar that has five cusps with grooves running between them, forming a Y shape

Question 22

zygomates

Answer 22

cheek bones

Question 23

terrestrial

Answer 23

living and locomotive primarily on the ground

Question 24

morphological

Answer 24

pertaining to the form and structure of organisms

Question 25

habitutal bipedalism

Answer 25

bipedal locomotion as the form of locomotion show by hominins most of the time

Question 26

obligate bipedalism

Answer 26

bipedalism as the ONLY form of hominin terrestrial locomotion

Question 27

honing complex

Answer 27

the shearing of a large upper canine with the first lower premolar, with the wear leading to honing the surfaces of both teeth

Question 28

australopiths

Answer 28

a colloquial name referring to a diverse group of african hominins

Question 29

sectorial

Answer 29

adapted for cutting or shearing; among primates refers to the teeth

Question 30

sagittal crest

Answer 30

a ridge of bone that runs down the middle of the cranium like a short mohawk

Question 31

endocast

Answer 31

a solid impression of the inside of the skull vault, often preserving details relating to the size and surface features of the brain

Question 32

pilo-pleistocene

Answer 32

pertaining to the pliocene and first half of the pleistocene