Exam 4: Late Adulthood

Question 1

Why do people age?

Answer 1

• genetically programmed to decline
• cellular damage
• wear and tear
• autoimmunity

Question 2

What are some physical changes that older adults face?

Answer 2

• lose of height
• loss of muscle mass
• move slower
• reduced sense of smell and taste

Question 3

What is institutionalism?

Answer 3

Psychological state in which people develop apathy, indifference, and a lack of caring about themselves

Question 4

What is a learned helplessness?

Answer 4

A belief that one has no control over one’s environment

Question 5

How are marital relationships in older adulthood?

Answer 5

Romance and sex continues, intimacy is more important than sex itself

Question 6

What is integrity vs. despair?

Answer 6

Process of looking back over one’s life, evaluating it and coming to terms with it

Question 7

What is integrity?

Answer 7

People feel they have realized and fulfilled the possibilities that have come their way

Question 8

What is the virtue earned in the integrity stage?

Answer 8

Wisdom

Question 9

What is despair?

Answer 9

People feel dissatisfied with their life and experience gloom, unhappiness, depression, anger, or the feeling they have failed

Question 10

What did Daniel Levinson come up with?

Answer 10

Seasons of life theory

Question 11

What are the seasons of life theory?

Answer 11

People enter late adulthood by passing through a transition stage

Question 12

Why was Robert Peck important?

Answer 12

Came up with the three major tasks or adjustments in late adulthood

Question 13

What are the three major tasks or adjustments in late adulthood

Answer 13

• redefinition of self vs preoccupation with work role
• body transcendence vs body preoccupation
• ego transcendence vs ego preoccupation

Question 14

What is Redefinition of self-versus-preoccupation-with-work role?

Answer 14

Redefining self outside of work role

Question 15

What is Body-transcendence-versus-body-preoccupation?

Answer 15

Becoming preoccupied by or transcending physical issues

Question 16

What is Ego-transcendence-versus-ego-preoccupation?

Answer 16

Coming to grips with impending death

Question 17

What did Bernice Neugarten theorize?

Answer 17

Older adults have four different personality types

Question 18

what are the four personality types that Bernice Neugarten theorized?

D, F, AY, A

Answer 18

Despair, fear, act young, acceptance

Question 19

What was the traditional age for retirement?

Answer 19

65

Question 20

When was the social security system created?

Answer 20

1935

Question 21

What are the four theories that can lead to successful aging?

Answer 21

• disengagement theory
• activity theory
• continuity theory
• selective optimization with compensation

Question 22

What is the disengagement theory?

Answer 22

Gradual withdraw from the world on psychological, physical, social levels

Question 23

What is the activity theory?

Answer 23

To age successfully a person must remain active as possible

Question 24

What is the continuity theory?

Answer 24

Compromise position , maintenance of desired and balanced level of social involvement

Question 25

What is selective optimization with compensation?

Answer 25

Overcoming changes in capabilities
Selection- focus on a few meaningful activities and goals
Optimization- maintain performance in those areas through practice
Compensation- using resources in alt ways

Question 26

How are older adults finically vulnerable?

Answer 26

They rely on fixed incomes for support like social security benefits and healthcare costs are rising