Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CSCS > Ch 5 & 6: Adaptations from anaerobic and aerobic training > Flashcards

Ch 5 & 6: Adaptations from anaerobic and aerobic training Flashcards

1
Q

The functional unit of the neuromuscular system?

A

Motor unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does increases in neural drive relate to?

A

Increases in muscle recruitment, firing rates, synchronization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Physiological adaptations from anaerobic training on strength and power outputs

A

Strength, power, vertical jump, sprinting, velocity, running economy increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Physiological adaptations from anaerobic training on muscle fibers

A

Increases in fiber size (specifically type 2), pennation angle

Type 2X will change to Type 2A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Physiological adaptations from anaerobic training on energy stores

A

Increases in ATP stores, CP stores, glycogen stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Physiological adaptations from anaerobic training on body composition

A

Increase in fat free mass
Decreases in body fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Physiological adaptations from anaerobic training on mitochondria and capillary density

A

Decreases in both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Physiological adaptations from anaerobic training on the heart

A

LV increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Neuromuscular Junction

A

The interface for muscle fiber and nerve that can increase with anaerobic training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cross-education

A

Muscle undergoes RT solely on one side and the other side resting will see some benefits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bilateral deficits

A

Force production by both limbs contracting together is less than the sum of forces produced when contracting unilaterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bilateral facilitation

A

There is an increase in voluntary activation of the agonist muscle group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Trabeculae bone vs cortical bone

A

Trabeculae: Spongy bone that responds better to stimuli due to being weaker, softer, and more flexible

Cortical: The tough outer layer of bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cartilage function

A

Provide a smooth articulating surface, shock absorption, and attachment of CT to skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How to increase cartilage thickness?

A

Perform moderate intensity exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How to stimulate long-term adaptations in tendons, ligaments, and fascia?

A

Perform high-intensity exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Physiological adaptations from anaerobic training on hormones

A

Acute: androgen receptors upregulated for 48-72 hours

Chronic: Could be counterproductive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What hormonal markers indicate anaerobic overtraining?

A

Increased epinephrine and norepinephrine acutely beyond normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Acute fatigue

A

Lasts days to weeks and has no effect or increases performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

FOR

A

Lasts days to weeks and is marked by a temporary decrease in performance

See altered motor unit recruitment and altered SNS and hypothalamic control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

NFOR

A

Lasts weeks-months and see a stagnation or decrease in performance

See decreases in motor coordination, muscle glycogen

Altered EC coupling, immune function, hormonal concentration, and mood disturbances

Increases in BP and HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

OTS

A

Lasts months-years with a decrease in performance

Decreases in force, glycolytic capacity

Increases in sleep and emotional disturbances as well as sickness and infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Size principle

A

Smaller and lower threshold motor units get recruited first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cardiac Output

A

SV x HR

25
Q

How is cardiac output effected by aerobic exercise?

A

Will increase initially then plateau

26
Q

Stroke Volume

A

The amount of blood pumped in one beat

27
Q

Factors that cause Stroke Volume to increase with aerobic exercise>

A

SNS and EDV

28
Q

How is heart rate affect from aerobic exercise?

A

Will increase with intensity during exercise

At rest resting heart rate will decrease

29
Q

How is oxygen uptake affected from aerobic exercise?

A

Increases during acute bouts of aerobic exercise

30
Q

What factors are related to oxygen uptake?

A

Metabolic efficiency, mass of exercising muscle, intensity

31
Q

SBP vs DBP

A

SBP: pressure placed on arterial walls as blood is forcefully ejected during ventricular contractions and WILL increase with exercise

DBP: pressure places on arterial walls when no blood is forcefully ejected and there is NO increase with exercise

32
Q

How is blood flow affected by exercise?

A

More blood flow goes to active muscles and less goes to organs

33
Q

How is gas diffusion affected by aerobic exercise?

A

Ventilation increases to maintain appropriate gas concentrations

Diffusion of O2 and CO2 increases

34
Q

How is blood lactate affected by aerobic exercise?

A

At low-moderate pace blood lactate won’t accumulate due to more O2

Blood lactate concentrations decrease and the OBLA increases

35
Q

VO2 max changes in trained vs untrained athletes

A

In elite athletes: little to no changes

In untrained athletes: Large improvements

36
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on performance

A

Increases: low power output for muscular endurance

37
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on muscle fibers

A

Increases: capillary density, mitochondrial density, aerobic capacities

No change: fiber size

38
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on energy systems

A

Increases: ATP, CPr, glycogen, triglycerides

39
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on body composition

A

Decreases: % body fat

No change: FFM

40
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on the respiratory systems

A

TV and Breathing frequency will increase with maximal exercise

Respiratory adaptations are highly specific to activities

41
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on the neural system

A

Increases: efficency and delay in fatigue of contractile mechanisms

42
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on bone and CT

A

Increases: tendon and ligament strength

No change: bone density

Growth and extent completely dependent on intensity

43
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on the endocrine system

A

Increases: hormone circulation and receptor level changes

Maximal exercise increases hormone secretion

44
Q

Relationship between max cardiac output and VO2max

A

When maximal cardiac output increases so does VO2max

45
Q

Fick equation

A

Cardiac output x a-Vo2 difference

46
Q

Frank-Starling mechanism

A

Stroke volume increases with EDV

47
Q

MAP

A

((SBP-DBP/3) + DBP)

48
Q

RPP

A

HR x SBP

49
Q

Myoglobin

A

Protein that transports oxygen within the cell

50
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on a-V O2 difference

A

Increases

51
Q

Physiological adaptations from aerobic training on enzymes

A

Increases

52
Q

When do changes begin to occur at altitude?

A

2900 ft / 1200 m

53
Q

Physiological adaptations from altitude

A

Increases in pulmonary ventilation and cardiac output at rest and submit activity due to increased HR

Hyperventilation

Increase in acid-base balance

SV same or decreases

RBC production, hematocrit. and viscosity increases

Decreases in plasma volume

54
Q

How long does it take to adjust to altitude?

A

About 2 weeks

55
Q

Blood Doping

A

Using EPO to stimulate RBC production

56
Q

Hyperboxic breathing:

A

Oxygen-enriched gas mixture

57
Q

Overtraining from aerobic training biochemical responses

A

Increases in CK levels
Decreases in muscle glycogen

58
Q

Overtraining from aerobic training endocrine responses

A

Increases in T:C and GH secretion

59
Q

Overtraining from aerobic training markers

A

Decreases: performance, BF%, VO2max, muscle glycogen, lactate, total testosterone concentration, total T:C, Free T:C. total testosterone:SHBG, sympathetic tone

Increases: Soreness, CK, sympathetic stress response, submax exercise heart rate

CSCS (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions