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English > Change > Flashcards

Change Flashcards

1
Q

Neologism

A

New words

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2
Q

Archaic language

A

Words that have fallen out of use

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3
Q

Borrowing

A

Word taken from another language

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4
Q

Scientific process

A

Medicine, science and technology’s effect on language

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5
Q

Affixation

A

New prefixes and suffixes added onto words

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6
Q

Compounding

A

When a new word is created by two old words combined

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7
Q

Blending

A

Two separate words merged together

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8
Q

Clipping

A

When a word drops certain syllables to creat a abbreviation (u)

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9
Q

Initialism

A

First letter starts for a word

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10
Q

Acronym

A

Initial letters are said like a word eg NASA

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11
Q

Amelioration

A

A word develops a positive meaning over time

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12
Q

Pejoration

A

Word develops a negative meaning over time

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13
Q

Great vowel shift

A

1700-1900 the long vowel sounds in words became shorter- easier to articulate

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14
Q

External change

A

Outside influences on language

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15
Q

Internal change

A

Makes the language easier and more simple

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16
Q

Caxton printing press

A

1476, led the standardisation process

17
Q

Where did language standardise from

A

East Midland dialect

18
Q

Old English

A

450-1100 AD germania tribes

19
Q

Middle English

A

1100-1500 AD

20
Q

1476

A

William Caxton establishes first printing press

21
Q

Early modern English

A

1500-1800

22
Q

Samuel Johnson

A

A dictionary of the English language published in 1755

23
Q

Late modern English

A

1800- now

24
Q

Effect of the expansion of the British empire

A

Led to words being borrowed from other countries 1780-1810

25
Q

Archaisms

A

Words that have became obsolete

26
Q

Semantic change

A

Words that have been around for a long time so they change their meaning

27
Q

Amelioration

A

Word develops positive meaning

28
Q

Pejoration

A

Develops negative meaning

29
Q

How have nouns changed

A

Used to be capitalised more frequently until 18th century

30
Q

THE LONG S

A

Deemed unnecessary in the 1800

31
Q

Omission

A

Sounds gradually lost in order to make pronunciation easier

32
Q

Dennis freeborn

A

Incorrectness view-only standardised English is correct
Ugliness view- some accents are bad
Imprecisness view- some accents are lazy

33
Q

Jean Aitchinson

A

Crumbling Castle view- it should be preserved but not unchangeable
Damp spoon syndrome- language changes because people are lazy
Infectious disease assumption- people pick up bad language inorder to fit in social groups

34
Q

David crystals opinion on language change

A

Descriptavist
Technology added new dimension
Spellings are made by the people( online dictionary)

35
Q

Peter trudgills view on language change

A

It’s a positive thing
Descriptivist
Changes don’t cause confusing because the new meaning is more common than the old so many understand it

English (10 decks)

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