unit 3 Flashcards
Why was the ottoman empire able to expand rapidly?
- adoptions of gunpowder weapons= were able to take control of southwestern europe and anaoila, including Constantinople (once great roman empire)
-Christianity were captured and converted to islam: put in a elite fighting force called janissaries
why was the Safavid empire able to expand so rapidly?
- they had a huge miltary: gunpowder weapons
-inslaved armies (Christian)
Why did the Safavid and the ottoman fight?
The ottonman were the sunni muslims and the safavid were the shi’a muslims
-this led to extreme conflict and created a poltical divide over who should rule after muhammad. Both reljions beviled they were right
why was the mughal empire able to expand?
-babur- first leader of empire, defated the delhi sultante, established this empire
- led empire in expanision with gun powder weapons
-legtimized mughal rule by showing tolerance to hindu majortiy
what was the conflict between the mughal and the safavid
-series of wars fought over now afganhstain
-religious conflict
-no clearer winner
What does it mean to
legitimize and consolidate
power?
legitimized: methods rulers used to establish authority
consolidated: meathods used to transer power from other groups to themsleves
. How did rulers use
bureaucracies to consolidate
their power?
Bureaucracies include thousands of government officials who ensure laws are
kept throughout the empire.
- How did the Ottomans
create a loyal bureaucracy?
-devshirme system: used to staff highly trained individuals in there empire
-inslaved and convert chrstians were trained and educated in istanbul, people that showed the most promise were appointed eleite positions
-led to creation of janissaries
What religious belief
helped European monarchs
to legitimize their power in
this era?
The Divine Right of Kings was the idea that kings were God’s representatives
on Earth. This greatly helped to legitimize their rule.
The Divine Right of Kings was the idea that kings were God’s representatives
on Earth. This greatly helped to legitimize their rule.
the qing dyansty people were manchu not han china, so to not be seen as outsider the king hung portrayed of himself surrounded by books to suggest confucian wisdom
What are some innovations in taxing collecting systems
-Zamindar system by mughal empire: elited land owners who were able to tax peasants living on there land on behave of the imperial government
-ottoman tax farming: the highest bidder was able to collect taxes from a certain area (collected more than was need able to take money from it and enrich themselves)
-aztec empire tribute lists: conquered areas would receive a list of goods they were responsible of giving to the empire
