UNIT 5

Question 1

Modern Campaign

Answer 1

More sophisticated that premodern campaigns. Public opinion polling is used to provide basic information needed to develop specific campaign strategies. Use of professional consultants largely determine how the campaign is conducted and types of appeals made to voters. Use of television and photo ops, and tend to downplay political party affilations.

Question 2

Postmodern Campaign

Answer 2

Encompasses many new forms of communication to allow a return of more interactive and personalized styles of political communication. Use of television, social media, email, and telemarketing techinqiues are used to direct specific messages to targeted groups.

Question 3

Premodern Campaign

Answer 3

Ran until the 1960’s. Involved considerable personal contact with the voters and campaigning was largely localized. Party volunteers would canvas their neighbourhoods looking for support.

Question 4

Candidates

Answer 4

Candidates are the individuals that have chosen to attempt to represent a portion of a countries population within its legislature, or as a leading figure within municipal or provincial governments.

Question 5

Electoral System

Answer 5

The system used to translate the votes that people cast into the composition of the legislature and the selection of the government.

Question 6

Majoritarian Electoral System

Answer 6

A majoritarian electoral system is a voting method in which candidates or parties that receive the most votes win.

Question 7

Proportional Representation Electoral System

Answer 7

n electoral system in which the proportion of seats a party receives in the legislature reflects the proportion of votes it has obtained.

Question 8

Single Member Plurality Electoral System

Answer 8

An electoral system in which voters in each electoral district elect a single representative to the legislature

Question 9

Brokerage Party

Answer 9

A party that attempts to find compromises to accommodate a variety of interests so as to try to build broad support across the country in an non-ideological manner

Question 10

Cadre Party

Answer 10

A loosely organized party usually established by members of a legislative body with the support of local notables.

Question 11

Catch-all Party

Answer 11

A political party that seeks to appeal to a broad and diverse range of voters by adopting a flexible and inclusive platform.

Question 12

Extra-Parliamentary Body

Answer 12

Is a political party that is not represented in the country’s legislative body.

Question 13

Mass Party

Answer 13

A mass that draws its support from a regular due-paying membership and features a strong party organization outside of the legislature.

Question 14

Parliamentary party

Answer 14

Is a party that has one or more members who hold seats in the country’s legislative body.

Question 15

Personalistic Party

Answer 15

This type of party is dominated by a powerful leader combined with a weak party organization that follows the wishes of that leader.

Question 16

Political Party

Answer 16

an organization that has a central role in the competition for political power in legislative bodies and in governing.

Question 17

Programmatic Party

Answer 17

A party that has a distinct ideological perspective or a coherent set of policy goals that are followed consistently over time.

Question 18

Party Caucus

Answer 18

A close door meeting of the party’s parliamentary members

Question 19

Party Convention

Answer 19

Regular meetings of elected delegates of the party.

Question 20

Party System

Answer 20

Refers to the structure and configuration of political parties within a particular country or political entity

Question 21

Multi-Party, Party System

Answer 21

Three or more parties have significant representation in the legislature

Question 22

One party dominant system

Answer 22

One party governs for a lengthy period of time because the opposition is divided among the number of parties.

Question 23

Two-Party Dominant System

Answer 23

In this system there are two leading parties with 75-80% of the seats, but one or more smaller parties has sufficient support to prevent either of the leading parties from gaining a majority of seats.

Question 24

Preferential Vote

Answer 24

This is a voting system in which voters rank the candidates in order of preference.

Question 25

Single Transferable Vote

Answer 25

A voting method in which voters rank their preferences for candidates in a multimember electoral district. Candidates who receive a certain proportion of the vote are declared elected. The second preference of a voter that is surplus to what that winning candidate needs is then transferred to that voter’s second preference candidate.

Question 26

Voting Behaviour

Answer 26

Voting behaviour is the pattern and observable trends of voting preference that can be recorded over a period of time. There are both short term factors (ex: the circumstances of an election), and long term predispositions to take into account when attempt to understand this.