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2a Endocrinology > Regulation of Appetite > Flashcards

Regulation of Appetite Flashcards

1
Q

Simply, what is appetite?

A

Desire to eat food

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2
Q

Simply, what is hunger?

A

Need of eating

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3
Q

Simply,what does anorexia mean?

A

Lack of appetite

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4
Q

Satiety

A

Feeling of fullness - disappearance of appetite after a meal

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A

Weight (kg) / ht (m2)

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7
Q

What BMI range for underweight

A

<18.5

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8
Q

What is regarded the normal BMI range?

A

18.5 - 24.9

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9
Q

What BMI range is regarded as overweight?

A

25.0-29.9

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10
Q

What BMI is regarded as obese?

A

30.0-39.9

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11
Q

What BMI is regarded as morbidly obese?

A

> 40

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12
Q

Name some risks of obesity

A

Type II diabetes
Hypertension
Coronary artery disease
Stroke
Osteoarthritis
Obstructive sleep apnoea
Carcinoma (breast, endometrium, prostate, colon)
Especially abdominal (visceral) rather than subcutaneous fat

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13
Q

What chemicals are involved with increased appetite?

A

Grhelin
NPY (neuropeptide Y)
Orexin
Endocannabinoid
MCH (melanin-concentrating hormone, orexigenic)
AgRP (agouti related peptide)

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14
Q

What chemicals are involved with decreased appetite?

A

Leptin,
Insulin
PeptideYY
GLP-1 (glucaogn like peptide 1)
Serotonin
a-MSH (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone)
CART (cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript)

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15
Q

Give some characteristics of leptin

A

Expressed in white fat
Bind to leptin receptor
Cytokine receptor family
Found in hypothalamus

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16
Q

What switches off appetite and also has a role in stimulating immune system?

A

Leptin

17
Q

Increased fat cell mass causes ______ leptin/insulin expression

A

increased

18
Q

Increased Leptin action in hypothalamus inhibits NPY/AgRP expression and activates a-MSH expression ultimately leading to…

A

anorexia

19
Q

Givesome characteristics of Peptide YY

A

36 amino acids, structurally similar to NPY so binds to NPY receptor

Is secreted by neuroendocrine cells in ileum, pancreas and colon in response to food

Inhibit gastric motility and reduces appetite

20
Q

Infusion of (hormone) diminishes appetite

A

PYY

21
Q

Cholecystokinin acts on receptors in pyloric sphincter to delay g____ e_____, gall bladder contraction and insulin release

A

gastric emptying

22
Q

Grhelin is expressed in the s________ stimulates GH release and appetite

A

stomach

23
Q

Have high levels of Grehlin in blood when…

A

fasting

24
Q

Grehlin leads to increased secretion of __ and ___ to increase appetite

A

NPY and AgRP

25
Q

PYY binds to an inhibitory receptor on NPY/AgRP therefore leads to decreased secretion of NPY and AgPR to…

A

decrease appetite

26
Q
A

2a Endocrinology (26 decks)

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