Introduction to Zoology

Question 1

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 1

Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea

Question 2

What are features of archaea?

Answer 2

Single celled
No nucleus
Most are extremophiles

Question 3

What are the features of bacteria?

Answer 3

Single celled
No nucleus
Specialised cell membranes
Unique mRNA

Question 4

What are the features of eukarya?

Answer 4

Many are multi-cellular
Have a membrane bound nucleus

Question 5

Name some features of animals

Answer 5

Eukaryotes
Multicellular
Heterotrophic
Muscle and nerve tissue unique to animals - not all have these
Lack cell walls - held by collagen (which forms the ECM)
Unique cell junctions

Question 6

What are the unique cell junctions?

Answer 6

Tight Junctions = continuous belt that connects two cells together

Desmosomes = anchoring junction that connects two cells at ONE point

Gap Junctions = communicating junctions that allow small molecules to pass between cells

Question 7

What was the likely common ancestor of animals?

Answer 7

A choanoflagellate protozoan

Single flagella surrounded by a collar of microvilli used for filter feeding

Structure of single flagella similar to that of cilia of primitive animals

Similar mitochondrial structure

Similar DNA

Question 8

Name the 15 main phyla of animals

Question 9

Order of the taxonomic nomenclature

Answer 9

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species