Pain Flashcards
Noiciceptive Pain
Tissue pain/ visceral pain
- burn, cut, scrap
- muscle pain
- appendicitis
Neuropathic pain
Nerve pain due to:
- chemicals
- injury
- amputation
- compression
Physiological target for pain management
Hand on stove —> nerve impulses sent from peripheral tissues to brain via spinal cord
Processing —> the brain then receives that message and returns “ouch” signal
Take hand off stove —> the “ouch” signal from brain triggers body to avoid pain
Where do opioid analgesics work?
CNS/brain
Where do non opioid analgesics work?
Tissue or target organ
Complementary and Alternative Management (CAM)
Art/music therapy
Biofeedback therapy
Chiropractor
Hot/cold packs
Massage
Physical therapy
Therapeutic touch
Non traditional meds
Around the clock (ATC) dosing
Used for severe or immediate post-op pain
Achieves a steady state of pain
Rescue Meds for pain
Used when ATC meds are not enough to manage pain
PRN pain med
Used for acute, intermittent pain
Multiple Medications for pain management
Different MOA helps maximize pain relief
Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)
Infuses a basal rate of medication
Patient presses limited rate controlled button to dispense additional meds
Opioid
Natural or synthetic morphine
Narcotic substance
Derived from poppy plant
Opioid MOA
Exert activity on the CNS from the mu and kappa receptors
Opioid Agonists
Activate mu and kappa receptors
- analgesia
- Dec GI motility
- euphoria
- physical dependence
- CNS/respiratory depression
- sedation
- urinary retention
Opioid Antagonists
Block the stimulation of mu and kappa receptors
- reverses severe symptoms of opioid intoxication
- life saving
