Session 7 - The US and the World (1969-1989) Flashcards
Date of Nixon Presidency ?
1969-1974
How was Nixon Presidency ?
Liberalism ran out of steam lead the way to return of Conservatism
Nixon was elected due to dissatisfaction of the public opinion on Johnson handling the war = he was given full power to Congress, too much of an emperor,it was going to far.
Realist president, who tend to the view the world as it, and not try to change it and he was pretty aware of the déclin power of the U.S.
What are the two aspects of America Decline ?
Economically : Post Years Wars were over, Eu+Jap had recover and challenged the US economic predominance and caused resentment in the US
1970 : Recession caused the trade deficit + Unemployment roses and inflation
August 1971: Nixon raised the tarrifs on imports/stopped the dollars conversion in gold = change the world trade system
Geopolitically : Europe incrasingly become independent dipomatically
Mix was no avocate for exceptionalisme, he avocate for the better relations with the S.U
Critics about its politicologies : he promise to ended the war of Vietnam (64-75) but he intensified with the “peace and honour” and try ro find a way out.
When was the end of Imperial Presidency ?
it was in 1973, when the Congress enacted the War Powers Act in 1973 : the future president must have the autorisation of the Congress to engage the U.S forces in an foreign country.
How did Nixon Presidency ended ?
Nixon design with the Scandal of WaterGate
What is the Détente ?
A period of négociations with the U.S.
/S.U and China, in which the Cold War tensions eased. The principles of the Détente were based on economic, cultural and security.
It was possible tanks to Kissinger and Niwon, who were realists, wiew the S.U as any other country who tries to keep its power and influence, neither good or bad
The Advent of Détente : Nixon in China
February 1972
The Advent of Détente : Moscow Summit
May 1972 = manage to influence the S.U behaviour instopping supporting the Southeast (Vietnam) in order to pave the way for the U.S to manage a retreat
Lead to SALT Treaty = Arms Réduction and joint spatial Mission with Appolo and Soyuz
How was the Détente ?
China and the S.U split up in 1959, fracturing the communisme world
The U.S enginereed the trianguler diplomacy
Date Ford Presidency ?
1974-1977
Ford Presidency in terms of the Détente ?
He continued the détente with Kissinger despite the critics and economic difficulties (1973)
Domino theory persisted the fall of Saigon in 1975, communisme inroads in Africa + Europe
Helsinki accords 1975 :increase the cooperation beatween the U.S and S.U in terms of economic and security levels and how do we favour this period of Détente
Date Carter Presidency ?
1977-1981
How was Carter Presidency ?
Treaty of Panama 1977
Camp David Accords 1978 = manage to have a peace process btw Egypt and Israel
SALT II signed but never ratifier by the U.S sénate : too profitable for the S.U and losing in a way for the U.S
1st Pré: to inculquée Human Rights in its FP : Apartheid + North-South relations
Schizophrenic FP : with Vange, Brezinski, Young could’nt agree together
Teheran Hostage Crisis 1979 = lasted 2 years until Raegan was elected and find a agreement on non-intervention of the U.S
Date Raegan Presidency ?
1981-1989
The Advent of Raegan ?
“To Restore America” Speech 1976
- critizes the policy of America Decline Overall + Ford and the Detente
- He claimed that the U.S has école a week power
- Republican + idéalist, he reflets to america exceptionalism = last island of freedom with a unique role in the world
- References to God + Manifest Destiny = a divine purpose of the US with a mission of spreading Democracy and capitalism
- Spreading American Model Global + Restore america supremacy
- Popular re-elected in 1984
- Finance regime in L-A: in Nicaragua
-Iran Contra Scandal
- Signed the INF Treaty in 1987
