All Keywords

Question 1

flying shuttle (1733)
(made by John Kay)

Answer 1

John Kay single handedly transformed weaving and they way clothing was made, it was a machine powered by the steam engine that weaved for you, it doubled production and allowed for other innovations to be created

Question 2

James Watt

Answer 2

In 1765, James Watt created the steam engine.
The steam engine made possible for new ways of transportation, labor processes, and living.

Question 3

Luddites

Answer 3

The Luddites were a group of textile workers who protested against industrialization because it took away jobs from the people who were making the hand made products.
They broke into factories and destroyed machinery and protested that these new machines made lives worse not easier.

Question 4

Juntas

Answer 4

When news broke that King Ferdinand was captured and Napoleon was now the new ruler, the people of Spain didn’t like that and decided to rule themselves instead until Ferdinand could return to his role as king.
These groups were called Juntas, and they spread all over the region of Spain and their goal was to maintain the empire.

Question 5

Miguel Hidalgo

Answer 5

He was one of the main leaders in the revolution that the Juntas fought when fighting for their independence. Hidalgo gathered the largest army of peasants and went marching towards Mexico City fighting everyone in their way.

Question 6

Nationalism

Answer 6

having pride for one’s country or region of birth, centered around identity, problematic for “immigrants”

Question 7

American Colonization Society

Answer 7

The American Colonization Society was founded in 1816 by wealthy white men who thought slavery was effecting society and the economy. They wanted to emancipate slaves and send them back to colonies in West Africa that they purchased, and offered to send newly enslaved Africans back to Africa.

Question 8

The “Liberator”
(William Loyd Garrison)

Answer 8

An anti-slave newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison, called the “Liberator”.
The newspaper immediately dove into the practice of naming and shaming every slave owner and trader Garrison knew about.
His subscriber base who wanted the news papers were all mainly people of color!

Question 9

The Somerset Case (1772)

Answer 9

a legal case that was named after an enlslaved person, James Somerset, who’s master took him from England to Jamaica, however once he reached Britian he ran away but was caught and decided to fight for his freedom from his master
Slavery was never brought into law in Britian, so it created alot of publicity to the US
“How can the US preach liberty when they allow slavery to happen?” was the argument
Somerset won his case. And after that no enlsaved person who step foot in British soil would continue to be enslaved! And slave trade was also abolished in 1807!

Question 10

cholera

Answer 10

a disease that spread and swept Manchester,
it was caused by not having sewer systems and having unsafe water, in 1848, cholera created a brutal pandemic in Manchester

Question 11

Manchester
(“cotton capital”)

Answer 11

It became well known as the “Cotton Capital”. Manchester sprung up in the 1900’s, in 1851 their population grew immensely due to it being located right next to one of England’s largest coal deposits,
Textile machines were turned into factories in Manachester and it became one of the largest textile industries in the world

Question 12

Molly-houses

Answer 12

Institutions where for the 1st time in English history gay men could go and safely indulge in their desires, these Molly-houses were located in the west end and looked like Inns or taverns.

Question 13

On the Origin of Species (1859)
(Charles Darwin)

Answer 13

Book published by Charles Darwin, and it was on the theory of evolution and how humans evolved from animals
He knew there would be controversy with the church for his book

Question 14

Phrenology

Answer 14

a science that claims that by looking at the shape of a person’s skull, they could determine several things about that person such as their mental state, personallity and many other pyschological attributes

Question 15

Thomas Malthus

Answer 15

Thomas Malthus published a book which was an essay on the principle of population.
In his book he argues that there was not enough food to feed the growing population and that therefore society would collapse.
He failed to recognize that industrialization would actually allow agriculture to produce more food, even though he was wrong he was still well known for his book and ideals. Led to people viewing the human body differently

Question 16

First Opium War (1839-42)

Answer 16

The British send a fleet into China and started the war. British terrorized the Chinese coastline, it lasted 2 and a half years, the Chinese eventually surrendered. Which led to their unequal treaty.

Question 17

Thirteen Factories

Answer 17

hoves for trade or merchants, home to 13 warehouses each controlled by a different US and European trademaker, trade could not be done outside the thirteen factories, only inside!

Question 18

unequal treaty

Answer 18

In Nanjing, 1842 the Chinese created their treaty of surrender.
It was considered an unequal treaty because the 13 Factories remained and more trading areas were opened for Europeans, and the Ching were forced to pay lots of money to make up for all the drug money they lost, all the Ching received was the war would end and the British would stop terrorizing them.

Question 19

“Frontier thesis”

Answer 19

Article published by Fredrick Jackson Turner, His thesis said that American democracy was stronger because of colonization, his thesis was very controversial because he expressed the frontier as unclaimed free land that was for the taking by the US while it wasn’t free land at all it was home to indigenous tribes.

Question 20

the Great Game

Answer 20

a series of conflicts that took almost the entirety of the 19th century, it was fought between Britain and Russia over control over central Asia, the frontiers were used as a tool to dismiss powerful indigenous societies who got in the way of them claiming their territory, its significance was that employing the term frontier was used to dismiss the people who were indigenous to the lands that were being taken over during the Great Game.

Question 21

Indian Removal Act (1830)

Answer 21

the act was passed under President Jackson that allowed the US Government to kick out thousands of indigenous people from their land and moved them further west, it was a literal ethnic cleansing done by the US Government that led to a series of brutal wars being fought in the west, the US used the “frontier” as their excuse to justify the violence they did.

Question 22

The Black Ships
(Matthew Perry)

Answer 22

the ships that Matthew Perry drove into Japan (Japanese called his fleet black ships because they brought negative vibes), the black ship was a symbol of Tokugawa’s fright of the black ships since they weren’t going to be able to fight back if they said no to Mathey Perry since he came well-armed

Question 23

First Sino-Japanese War

Answer 23

war between Japan and China in 1894 that marked the exposure of Japan as a major world power and demonstrated the weaknesses of the Chinese empire, the war was mainly fought over influence in Korea, Japan won the war that lasted 6 months

Question 24

The Meiji Restoration (1868)

Answer 24

a political revolution that took over the Tokugawa and restored Japan, it marked the beginning of a series of reforms that modernized Japan (the Meiji decided to use new tools to embrace Japanese heritage)

Question 25

Columbian Exposition (1893)

Answer 25

was also known as Chicago’s World’s Fair, it was held in Chicago to celebrate to 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s arrival in the new world, the fair showcased emrging technologies including the first ferris wheel. It was an influential social and cultural event and had a huge effect on American achitecutre and technol

Question 26

Haymarket Affair

Answer 26

a bomb was thrown at policemen and killed 7 policemen and several other people who were around during the labor demonstration
7 of the 8 suspects were put to death even tho they weren’t actually at the labor market

Question 27

Hull House

Answer 27

Jane Adam started the project Hull House, they grew into a collection of educational houses for working class people so they could find a place to live and have an education.
They held classes, helped them find work, and became the center of Chicago’s westside.

Question 28

What can the Columbian Exposition reveal about the ways in which global geopolitics had changed since the 1492 Columbus encounter with the Americas? FINAL EXAM ESSAY QUESTION!!!!!!!!

Answer 28

The Columbian Exposition (1893): was also known as Chicago’s World’s Fair, it was held in Chicago to celebrate to 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s arrival in the new world, the fair showcased emrging technologies including the first ferris wheel
It was an influential social and cultural event and had a huge effect on American achitecutre and technology

Question 29

Berlin Conference (1884-85)

Answer 29

a diplomatic conference held to regulate European colonization and trade in Africa during the Scramble for Africa, representatives of major European and US powers all attended, held in Berlin. they all split pieces of Africa they each wanted.

Question 30

Henry Stanley

Answer 30

Henry Stanley was a well known journalist and explorer. In 1872. He went to Africa in search of David Livingstone and found him.

Question 31

Quinine

Answer 31

A substance that comes from the bark of a tree that is a very effective treatment to fight malaria that was all over Africa.
Quinine played a big role in the colonization of Africa because it protected Europeans from malaria

Question 32

“Big Stick” policy

Answer 32

a foreign policy approach of President Theodore Roosevelt, who believed in using military force to protect US interests, it was used to intervene with affairs of other countries.

Question 33

Verdun (1916)

Answer 33

it was one of the longest of the world wars between Germany and France, the war took place in Verdun, France & it was a symbol of French resistance against the German forces