Soc 9-Long Term Effects Of Exercise Flashcards
Long term effects of aerobic exercise
In terms of aerobic exercise, the effects of training will increase the ability to work for long periods of time. For example.
• Improved times for long distance athletes (5,000m, 10,000m, marathon runners etc.).
• Ability to run for 90 minutes during a football game (improve cardiovascular fitness levels).
Long term effects of anaerobic exercise
In terms of anaerobic exercise, the effects of training will increase the ability to move in quick bursts. For example..
• Sprinting for the ball in football.
• Making a powerful tackle in a rugby game.
Improved time over the shorter/ sprint distances in athletics or swimming.
What are the four long-term effects of exercise on the musculo-skeletal system?
Increased strength of ligaments and tendons.
• Increased bone density - helps prevent osteoporosis (weakening of bones)
• Muscle hypertrophy - the growth and increase of the size of muscle cells
• Adaptation - the body adapts to training by increasing the ability to cope with those loads
Long term effects on cardio-respiratory system-heart
Size and strength of the heart - training increases the heart muscles in size, thickness and strength.
Increased resting stroke volume - stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped oy your heart per beat. When you exercise regularly, your stroke volume increase, both at rest and at work.
Maximum cardiac output - the amount of blood ejected trom your heart in one minute. Cardiac output (CO) = stroke volume (S) × heart rate (HR).
Decreased resting heart rate - your heart gets bigger/ stronger with training, so it can supply the same amount of blood with fewer beats.
Faster recovery rate - heart recovery rate is the speed at which your heart returns to RHR after you exercise. The faster your recovery rate, the fitter you are.
What are the 3 long-term effects of exercise on the blood?
Improved fitness increases the number of capillaries in your muscles and helps your blood vessels more elastic, flexible and efficient.
Increased number of red blood cells - These cells carry oxygen to the muscles, so having higher red blood cell count can improve their performance.
RHR
Resting heart rate
Diaphragm
The primary muscle used in the process of inspiration or inhalation.
Resting stroke volume
The amount of blood pumped per beat.
Cardiac input
The amount of blood ejected from your heart in one minute (CO) = (RSV) x (RHR)
Adaptation
Your body’s response to training and how your body changes to cope with new activity.
Recovery rate
The speed at which your heart returns To RHR after you exercise.
Alveoli
Tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.
