Inorganic bases

Question 1

Strong Ammonia Solution NF

Answer 1

Ammonium Hydroxide, NF

Question 2

contains 27-30 % w/w NH3. Upon exposure to air, the ammonia evaporates rapidly.

Strong colorless liquid that is extremely pungent.

Specific gravity 0.90.

The hydroxides (and/or insoluble salts) of these metals become soluble in ammonia solution.

Answer 2

Ammonium Hydroxide, NF

Question 3

Used as Bronsted base in many applications to form ammonium salts of acids.

Answer 3

Ammonium Hydroxide, NF

Question 4

Used in the manufacture of nitric acid and sodium bicarbonate.

Answer 4

Ammonium Hydroxide, NF

Question 5

Used in the preparation of Aromatic ammonia Spirit, NF, where it serves as source of ammonia to stabilize the use of ammonium carbonate against hydrolysis.

Answer 5

Ammonium Hydroxide, NF

Question 6

Monohydrates sodium carboante

Answer 6

Sodium carbonate, NF

Question 7

Colorless crystal or white crystalline powder. It is odorless and has a strong alkaline taste.

Absorbs small amounts of moisture in the air, in a dry and warm temperature (50oC).
At 100oC it effloresces becoming anhydrous.

Solubility:
3mL H2O
1.8 mL boiling H2O
7 mL of glycerin

Insoluble in alcohol

Answer 7

Sodium carbonate, NF

Question 8

Used for its basicity in pharmaceutical preparations, forming sodium salts from acidic drugs (ex. Ascorbic acid to Sodium ascorbate).

Answer 8

Sodium carbonate, NF

Question 9

Calcium hydroxide

Slaked lime

Lime hydrate

Hydrated oxide

Hydrated lime

Calcium hydrate

Answer 9

Soda Lime, NF

Question 10

Float gas

Low melting temperature

High coefficient of thermal expansion

Easily tempered or toughened

Easily chemically strengthened to provide hard, resistant surfaces.

Poor thermal shock resistance

Low chemical resistance

Answer 10

Soda Lime, NF

Question 11

Used to absorb carbon dioxide in basal metabolism and in rebreathing anesthesia systems.

Answer 11

Soda Lime, NF

Question 12

In gas masks, it is also used as an absorbent for toxic gas.

Answer 12

Soda Lime, NF

Question 13

Used in laboratories as a drying agent.

Answer 13

Soda Lime, NF

Question 14

Common pain relievers like aspirin, to anticoagulants that can help prevent blood clots, to cholesterol-reducing medications.

Answer 14

Sodium Hydroxide, NF

Question 15

White crystalline solid

odorless

soluble in water, glycerol and ethanol

Has a higher viscosity than water

Can form several hydrates

Answer 15

Sodium Hydroxide, NF

Question 16

lye or soda

caustic soda

Answer 16

Sodium Hydroxide, NF

Question 17

widely used in wet mount preparation of various clinical specimens for microscopic visualization of fungi and fungal elements in skin, hair nils, and even vaginal secretions

Answer 17

Potassium Hydroxide

Question 18

soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol, methanol, and glycerin.

Slightly soluble in ether.

Widely used in chemical manufacturing, cleaning compounds, and petroleum refining.

Answer 18

Potassium Hydroxide

Question 19

Caustic potash

Potassium hydrate

Answer 19

Potassium Hydroxide

Question 20

Used in topical medical salves, gastric preparations, as a filling agent, neutralizing agent, and pH buffer in various pharmaceutical preparations.

Answer 20

Calcium hydroxide

Question 21

Has hexagonal crystals

not very soluble in water

This compound tends to lose water and decompose at temperatures

Answer 21

Calcium hydroxide

Question 22

Hydrated lime

Caustic lime

Builder;s lime

Slaked lime

Cal

Pickling lime

Answer 22

Calcium hydroxide