TO REVISE GERIATRICS

Question 1

LEWY-BODY DEMENTIA
What is the management of Lewy-Body dementia?

Answer 1

• Conservative management
• AChEi used in mild–mod (rivastigmine 1st line), memantine last resort
• SENSITIVE to antipsychotics, can make worse + lead to neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 2

HEART FAILURE
what are the clinical signs of left heart failure?

Answer 2

1. Pulmonary crackles
2. S3 and S4 and murmurs
3. Displaced apex beat
4. Tachycardia
5. fatigue

Question 3

COTE ASSESSMENT
What is frailty?

Answer 3

• State of increased vulnerability resulting from ageing-associated decline in reserve + function across multiple physiological systems resulting in compromised ability to cope with everyday or acute stressors

Question 4

MENTAL CAPACITY ACT
What are the 5 principles underpinning the MCA?

Answer 4

• Assume capacity until proven otherwise
• Maximise decision-making capacity (all practical support to help them make decision given)
• Freedom to make seemingly unwise choice (unwise decision ≠ incapacity)
• All decisions on behalf of patient in best interests
• Least restrictive option should be chosen