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zoology > finals > Flashcards

finals Flashcards

1
Q

biodiversity

A

approx. 1.7-2 million species are named and discovered
100 million estimated total species
the majority are yet to be discovered

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2
Q

taxonomy

A

hierarchical system of classifying and naming organisms
- includes extant and extinct species
- ascending series of groups of increasing inclusiveness

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3
Q

aristotle

A

greek philosopher and biologist

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4
Q

carolus linneaus (systema naturae)

A

swedish botanist, used morphology for arranging specimens in collections

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5
Q

the 3 domains

A

eukarya, bacteria, archaea

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6
Q

the 6 kingdoms

A

eubacteria, archaebacteria, fungi, protista, animalia, plantae

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7
Q

the correct order

A

DKPCOFGS

domain-kingdom-phylum-class-order-family-genus-species

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8
Q

binomial nomenclature

A

combination of 2 names to create a scientific name
genus + species
italicized or underlined
follows the rules established by Int’l Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)

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9
Q

full name of J. Rizal

A

Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

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10
Q

how many did rizal donated

A

semt 45 reptiles, 9 mammals, 13 birds, 9 fishes, and 68 crustaceans apart from his 346 species shell collection

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11
Q

species named after J. Rizal

A

Rhacophorus rizali, Apogonia rizali, Draco rizali

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12
Q

refers to balanced proportions or correspondence in size and shape of parts on opposite sides of a median plane

A

animal symmetry

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13
Q

plane passing thru the center that divides body into equivalent or mirrored halves

A

spherical

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14
Q

plane divides body into similar halves by more than 2 planes

A

radial

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15
Q

sagittal plane divides body into 2 mirrored portions

A

bilateral

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16
Q

medial

A

vertical, longitudinal plane passing from head to tail

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17
Q

sagittal

A

vertical, longitudinal plane thru the body parallel to the median plane

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18
Q

frontal / coronal

A

horizontal, longitudinal plane thru the body

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19
Q

transverse/ cross section

A

cuts across the body at right angles to the sagittal and horizontal planes

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20
Q

dorsal

A

back / upper side

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21
Q

ventral

A

front / belly side

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22
Q

anterior

A

head end

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23
Q

posterior

A

opposite / tail end

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24
Q

medial

A

midline of the body

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25
Q

lateral

A

sides

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26
Q

proximal

A

parts nearer to the center of the body

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27
Q

distal

A

parts farther from middle of body

28
Q

pectoral

A

chest area associated w/ anterior pair of appendages

29
Q

pelvic

A

hip region associated w/ posterior pair of appendages

30
Q

the external covering of an animal
- protects the animal from mechanical and chemical injury and invsaion by microorganism.
- helps maintain body temperature

A

integument

31
Q

largest organ w respect to surface area of the vertebrate body

A

skin

32
Q

composed of epithelial tissue

A

epidermis

33
Q
  • composed of connective tissue
  • contains blood vessel, nerve endings, sensory receptors, small muscles, and glands
A

dermis

34
Q

consists of loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscles

A

hypodermis

35
Q

a cell that manufactures and stores keratin

A

keratinocyte

36
Q

a protein that gives hairs, nails, and skin the hardness and water-resistant properties

A

keratin

37
Q

embedded in the base of the epidermis, the stratum basale, spider-shaped cells that produce melanin

A

melanocyte

38
Q

pigment that gives hair and skin its color

A

melanin

39
Q

helps protect the living cells of the epidermis from UV radiation damage

A

melanocyte

40
Q

produce watery secretions known as sweat

A

sweat or sudoriferous glands

41
Q

sweat is composed of

A

salt, water, and other compounds

42
Q

produce oily secretions known as sebum

A

sebaceous (oil) glands

43
Q

keeps the keratin-rich epidermis flexible and waterproof

A

sebum

44
Q

specialized cells in epidermal layer that contains pigment

A

chromatophores

45
Q

langerhan cells

A

macrophages

46
Q

premature aging of skin caused by repeated exposure to UV radiation

A

photoaging/ dermatoheliosis

47
Q

natural sunscreen ingredient

A

zinc oxide

48
Q

SPF means

A

Sun Protection Factor

49
Q

SPF 15
SPF 30
SPF 50

A

93%
97%
98%

50
Q

helps to regulate body temperature and homeostasis

A

sudoriferous glands

51
Q

watery fluid involved in heat regulation and occur in hairless regions in most mammals

A

eccrine glands

52
Q

milky fluid that dry on skinn to form a film and open into a hair follicle or where hair once was

A

apocrine glands

53
Q
  • functions to lubricate and protect
  • keeps hair pliable and glossy
A

sebaceous glands

54
Q

protective covering of the distal dorsal are of digits (fingers & toes)

A

nail

55
Q

grow from ephitelial cells at the base of nail

A

nail root

56
Q

a fold of skin that hides the nail root

A

cuticle

57
Q

results from the thick layer of cells in this area of the nail

A

lunula (the half moon in the nail)

58
Q

begins at bulb in dermis and continue thru the epidermis

A

hair follicle

59
Q

composed of keratin filled cells

A

hair follicle

60
Q

brown or dark color is due to

A

eumelanin

61
Q

blond or red hair is due to

A

melanin containing iron and sulfur (pheomelanin)

62
Q

gray hair is due to

A

less production of melanin

63
Q

white hair is due to

A

air trapped in hair shaft and absence of melanin

64
Q

develop from feather follicles, which are invagination of the epidermis that dip into the underlying dermis

A

feather

65
Q

large and thick epidermal scale, plate-like

A

scute

66
Q

junction between epidermal scales

A

hinge

zoology (7 decks)

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