University

Question 1

Alexander II [1855-81]

University

Answer 1

Tolstoy campaigns for universities to only accept from a traditional gymnasia

Therefore reducing the middle class in universities

Event manipulates the entry exam to exclude middle class

This is because universities manually middle class anyway

There were 8 universities in Russia in 1893

The universities were called a breeding ground of opposition as often students would read into things and get ideas of opposition towards the government

Students were punished for opposition to the government

for example in 1861 St Petersburg students were accused of sedation which is anti tsarism and they had the privileges taken away

In 1861 a statute
Made it that a large number of university’s got autonomy

This meant that the 8 universities were given a special counsel each which governed the nature of teaching, publications by academics and student discipline

the Ministry of Education still had the final say on what was to be taught and how it was be taught

Question 2

Alexander III [1881-93]

University

Answer 2

The universities that were autonomous allow no longer autonomous

Elections to the university councils were scrapped and replaced for an appointment system

and a more rigorous inspection process was introduced

universities still flourished

Leaders light universities as an increased in intelligence means and more progress for Russia

women are banned from Uni

also sepperate Uni courts are scrapped

also Uni life was supervised with a ban on student gatherings in groups of more than 5

Question 3

Nicholas II [1893-1917]

University

Answer 3

By 1900 there were 29 universities and 16,500 pupils attending them in Russia

¼ full students were at a Moscow university

Students had meetings and if these meetings got political they would be whipped

Poor people and women were not bound from universities but few got in

and stolypyn bans non-academic meetings so there’s no political stuff going on

Question 4

Prov Gov and Soviets [Feb 1917-1993]

University

Answer 4

University sterling existed and grew in numbers and size and eventually when Stalin and khrushchev got rid of school fees the universities became state paid for in there for free

There were 45 communist universities in the Soviet Union by 1931

Question 5

Education links in Russia

Answer 5

Both the autocratic and communist systems of Russia both wants to teach what they want you to know

and not to go against them but to aid the development of Russia without any sort of political opposition to them

They needed education to increase the skills of the workforce to increase production for their industrial purpose they wanted to make sure that it wasn’t too much education as it may lead to opposition such as ideas they might question their autocracy or the doubt over communism

which would therefore weaken their power and turn the people against them

which isn’t very good

the Communist dealt with this by introducing Revolution subjects at the early ages in primary school under stalin

whereas the autocrats dealt with this by just shooting them when they tried to revolt because that works too

Universal Primary School education by the 1930 which is something the duma wanted to introduce in by 1922 which World War One and the February Revolution stopped them from achieving

this this shows how the government of Nicholas II would linked to the government of Stalin

this also shows us a way of Stalin justifying communism and stating how they were able to achieve something that the autocratic government before them could not