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EarthScience > Earth Resources- Grp.3 > Flashcards

Earth Resources- Grp.3 Flashcards

1
Q

Materials that organisms need; some can be replaced and others cannot.

A

Resources

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2
Q

Natural resource that can be replaced by nature as quickly as it is used up.

A

Renewable Resource

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3
Q

Resources produced by the earth.

A

Natural resources

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4
Q

Replacement of renewable resources at the same rate at which it is used up.

A

Sustainable yield

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5
Q

Resource that exists in a fixed amount, replacement via geological, chemical, and physical processes that take millions of years.

A

Nonrenewable resource

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6
Q

Different places have different resources.

A

Distribution of resources

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7
Q

Provides places for organisms to live and interact. Spaces for the growth of forests and grassland habitats.

A

Land resources

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8
Q

42% US land is protected.

A

Protected land

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9
Q

Provide scenic landscapes and protect wildlife habitats and wilderness areas.

A

National parks

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10
Q

Provide protection of habitats and breeding areas for wildlife especially endangered species.

A

National wildlife refuges

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11
Q

Takes thousands of years to form but minutes to disappear via erosion.

A

Soil

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12
Q

Loss of topsoil in arid regions.

A

Desertification

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13
Q

Mixture of gravel, sand and crushed stone than naturally accumulates near the earth’s surface.

A

Aggregates

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14
Q

Solid rock made of limestone, granite, marble or other rocks mined in quarries.

A

Bedrock

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15
Q

Natural resource that can be mined for a profit.

A

Ores

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16
Q

Minerals crystallize and settle to the bottom of a cooling body of magma SOURCE OF ORE.

A

Settling of crystals

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17
Q

Occur along faults and veins SOURCE OF ORE.

A

Hydrothermal Vein

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18
Q

SOURCE OF ORE manganese and iron.

A

Chemical precipitation

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19
Q

Sand and gravel bars that contain heavier sediments such as gemstones and oxide pebbles SOURCE OF ORE.

A

Placer deposits

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20
Q

Material left behind from ore extraction.

A

Tailings

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21
Q

Rain washed CO2 into oceans and early life released O2 via photosynthesis.

A

Origin of oxygen

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22
Q

Conversion of carbon dioxide into carbohydrates by plants during photosynthesis.

A

Carbon cycle

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23
Q

Vital for proteins, movement of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil and living organisms.

A

Nitrogen cycle

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24
Q

Substance that enters earth’s geochemical cycles and can harm the well being of living things.

A

Pollutant

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25
Q

AIR POLLUTION SOURCE (List Three)

A

Volcanoes, Fire, Randon

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26
Q

Has a high boiling point, can store large amounts of heat energy, and can dissolve compounds.

A

Liquid water

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27
Q

Lower density, floats on liquid water.

A

Solid water

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28
Q

Used for agriculture and drinking.

A

Freshwater

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29
Q

Dams, transporting surface water, groundwater, desalination.

A

Ways to manage freshwater

30
Q

Earth’s main energy source.

A

Sun

31
Q

Total amount of living matter in an ecosystem.

A

Biomass

32
Q

Fuel from biomass.

A

Biomass fuels

33
Q

Poorly drained areas with spongy, wet ground that accumulates peat.

A

Bogs

34
Q

Low cost efficient biofuel found in bogs.

A

Peat

35
Q

Incomplete decomposition of organic matter formed over millions of years.

A

Fossil fuels

36
Q

Most abundant fossil fuel, compression of peat over millions of years.

A

Coal

37
Q

Formed from microscopic organisms from the oceans pumped out of the ground then refined into various products, migrates sideways then upwards and ending up in limestone and sandstone.

A

Petroleum and natural gas

38
Q

Gathered via passive methods (concrete) and active methods (solar panels) from the sun.

A

Solar energy

39
Q

Structure made of two layers of silicon that converts solar energy into electricity.

A

Photovoltaic cells

40
Q

Generated from the controlled flow of water via turbines or waves made by wind.

A

Hydroelectric power

41
Q

Energy from earth’s internal heat.

A

Geothermal energy

42
Q

Converts wind energy into electrical energy.

A

Wind turbines

43
Q

Energy from nuclear fission, splitting heavy nuclei into smaller ones.

A

Nuclear fission

44
Q

Fuel sources made from biomass(ethanol from fermented crops) ie biodiesel.

A

biofuels

45
Q

Highest energy resource consumption sources.

A

Petroleum, natural gas, coal

46
Q

Amount of work produced compared to the energy used.

A

Energy efficiency

47
Q

Two forms of energy generated at once, secondary energy such as heat is captured for domestic or industrial use.

A

Cogeneration

48
Q

Global management of earths natural resources to meet current and future energy needs.

A

Sustainable energy

49
Q

Resources needed by organisms

A

Air, food, water, and shelter

50
Q

Increase in pop. over time.

A

Population growth

51
Q

Pattern where a pop. grows faster as it increases in size.

A

Exponential growth

52
Q

How many organisms an environment can sustain given its resources.

A

Carrying capacity

53
Q

Pop. at the carrying capacity for its environment.

A

Equilibrium

54
Q

Environmental factors that do not depend on pop. size (storms and fires).

A

Density independent factors

55
Q

Environmental factors dependent on population(disease, predators, competition).

A

Density dependent factors

56
Q

Restoring land to its original contours and plant vegetation.

A

Reclamation

57
Q

Subsurface mining; used for minerals deep underground.

A

Underground mining

58
Q

Removal of trees from a forested area without adequate replanting.

A

Deforestation

59
Q

Causes loss of habitats.

A

Urban development

60
Q

1.5 kilograms of solid waste a day.

A

Average US citizen

61
Q

Use of organisms to break down toxic waste.

A

Bioremediation

62
Q

Increase in average global temperature.

A

Global warming, Impacts of air pollution

63
Q

Forms from car exhaust in sunlight.

A

Photochemical smog

64
Q

Ozone layer is reduced.

A

Ozone depletion

65
Q

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides mixing with atmospheric moisture to form acid rain.

A

Acid precipitation

66
Q

Devices that capture particulate matter, removing older high pollution vehicles.

A

Methods for reducing air pollution

67
Q

When there is not enough water, people either have to find new sources or decrease demand.

A

Water conservation

68
Q

Pollution from one source.

A

Water pollution point source

69
Q

Pollution from widespread areas.

A

Water pollution nonpoint source

70
Q

Passed in 1974 in US to ensure access to safe drinking water.

A

Safe drinking water act

EarthScience (5 decks)

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