Non-Experimental Design Flashcards
Whom the data is collected from
- Sample
- Group
- Mass
a representative of the total population
Sample
can be smaller than a mass
Group
larger than a group
Mass
Methods used to collect the data
- Telephone
- Text messages
- Snail mail
- Email or other social media modalities
- Face-to-face interaction
Time orientation
- Retrospective
- Cross-sectional
- Longitudinal
Purpose or Objectives
- Descriptive
- Comparative
- Correlational
- Evaluative
- The investigations are conducted through self-report.
- Generally ask respondents to report on their attitudes, opinions, perceptions, or behaviors.
- Aim at describing characteristics, opinions, attitudes, and behaviors as they currently exist in a population. (Wilson, 1990)
Survey Studies
a representative of the total population
Sample
can be smaller than a mass
Group
larger than a group
Mass
The dependent variable is identified in the present and an attempt to determine the independent variable that occurred in the past.
Retrospective
The data are collected at a single point in time. The design requires subjects who are at different points, phases, or stages of an experience. The subjects are assumed to represent data collected from different time periods.
Cross-sectional
the researcher collects data from the same people at different times.
Longitudinal
This design is utilized for the purpose of accurately portraying a population that has been chosen because of some specific characteristics. It is also used to determine the extent or direction of attitudes and behaviors. It aims to gather more information on certain characteristics within a particular field of study.
Descriptive
