Final exam Flashcards
Osteomyelitis definition
infection of bone and bone marrow
osteomyelitis Etiology/ risk factos
prolonged IV use
chronic UTIs
sickle cell anemia: salmonella, pseudomonas
puncture wound of the foot: pseudomonas
osteomyelitis spread adults vs children
hematogenous spread
adults: through the spine
children: spreads to the long bones via diaphysis then travels to metaphysis
what is the most common etiology of osteomyelitis from trauma/surgery
staph aureus
osteomylitis pathogenesis
an abscess forms in the metaphysis
ruptures and spreads subperiosteally
periosteum becomes suppurative
ischemia> necrosis
new bone (involucrum) may form around the infected portion
osteomylitis onset and sx
sudden and dramatic : within 2 weeks
sx: pain, fever and chills
smoldering: vertebrae adults
no fever
sx are not as involved
Gonococcal arthritis incidence
2-3x more common in women
gonococcal arthritis classic triad
acute migratory polyarthritis
tenosynovitis in 2/3 of pts (dactylitis)
dermatitis in 2/3 of pts
joint distrution in gonococcal arthritis
acute migratory polyarthrirts
usually symmetrical
commonly the fingers, wrists, elbows, knees and ankles
gonococcal arthritis presentation
hemorrhagic blisters, maculopapular rash on the palm of the hand(can be painful)
gonococcal arthirits dx
clinical grounds
synovial fluid often not helful : only + for gono 25% of the time
NAATs on specimens from mucosal sites to diagnose
Parovirus B19 arthropathy sx in adults
can get the tenosynovitis and maculopapular rash but not usually prominent
arthralgias 77%
usually onset of fusiform swelling : hands and toes
may resemble acute RA, symmetric, small joints
parvovirus B19 arthropathy labs
RF and ANA usually negative
documented by positive igM parvovirus B19 test
lyme disease vector and causative agent
vector: deer tick, ixodes dammini
spirochete: borrelia burgdirferi
lyme disease stage I
erythema migrans
flu-like sx
