Chapter 2: Well-Being of the EMT

Question 1

It is important that an EMT takes care of their own health and well-being by focusing on:

Answer 1

Prevention and wellness

Question 2

Organisms that cause infection, such as viruses and bacteria, are:

Answer 2

Pathogens

Question 3

Equipment and procedures that protect you from the blood and body fluids of the patient are referred to as:

Answer 3

Standard precautions

Question 4

Gloves, masks, and gowns are example of:

Answer 4

PPE

Question 5

The positive form of stress that helps people work under pressure and respond effectively is:

Answer 5

Eustress

Question 6

A communicable disease that results in an infection that causes inflammation of the liver is:

Answer 6

Hepatitis

Question 7

The goal of a critical incident stress debriefing is to:

Answer 7

Assist emergency care workers in dealing with the stress of an incident

Question 8

The first stage of stress is also known as:

Answer 8

Alarm reaction

Question 9

The reaction to death and dying in which a patient seeks to postpone death, even for a short time is:

Answer 9

Bargaining

Question 10

If an EMT follows the same path in and out of a crime scene, this helps to:

Answer 10

Prevent disturbing the crime scene

Question 11

The agency that has issued strict guidelines detailing precautions against exposure to bloodborne pathogens is the:

Answer 11

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Question 12

Gloves to be used when there is the potential for contact with blood and other body fluids should be made out of what material?

Answer 12

Vinyl

Question 13

Personal protective equipment includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 13

Scrubs

Question 14

In cases where tuberculosis is suspected, use a:

Answer 14

HEPA respirator

Question 15

A situation that would usually call for the use of a gown as protection would be one involving:

Answer 15

Childbirth

Question 16

The set of conditions resulting from a patients immune system being attacked by the human immunodeficiency virus is known as:

Answer 16

AIDS

Question 17

The three words that sums up the actions required to respond to danger are:

Answer 17

Plan, observe, react

Question 18

A delayed stress reaction is more commonly known as a(n):

Answer 18

Posttraumatic stress disorder

Question 19

The test that can detect exposure to Tuberculosis is the

Answer 19

TST test

Question 20

Under the RYAN White CARE Act, the officials in every emergency response organization who gather facts about possible emergency responder exposure to infectious diseases are the:

Answer 20

Designated officers

Question 21

[_________] are spread by tiny droplets sprayed during breathing, coughing, or sneezing

Answer 21

Airborne pathogens

Question 22

Standards precautions are also referred to as:

Answer 22

Infection control

Question 23

[________] refers to the introduction of disease or infectious materials.

Answer 23

Contamination

Question 24

OSHA rules state that employers must develop a written exposure control plan and must provide emergency care providers with training, immunizations, and proper:

Answer 24

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Question 25

Protective eyewear should provide protection from the [______] and the [______].

Answer 25

Front; Sides

Question 26

EMS personnel treating a patient suspected of having Tuberculosis should use a(n) [_______] or [_______] respirator.

Answer 26

N95; HEPA

Question 27

Before a vaccine was available, the infectious disease that killed the largest number of health-care workers in the United States each year was [_________].

Answer 27

Hepatitis B

Question 28

The [_________] is the time between contact and first appearance of symptoms.

Answer 28

Incubation period

Question 29

The main culprits in the transmission of many deadly infectious diseases are [______] and [_________].

Answer 29

Blood; Body fluids

Question 30

Hepatitis B and HIV/AIDS are examples of diseases that are transmitted by contact with [______].

Answer 30

Blood

Question 31

Stress has a positive form called [______] and a negative form called [______].

Answer 31

Eustress; Distress

Question 32

Signs and symptoms of a(n) [_____________] include the onset of difficulty breathing or chest pain just after a catastrophe.

Answer 32

Acute Stress Reaction

Question 33

The great pandemic of 1918 and the recent outbreaks of the Avian and Swine strains are examples of the [______] virus.

Answer 33

Influenza

Question 34

The EMT’s first priority at scenes involving violence is to be certain that the [_______].

Answer 34

Scene is safe

Question 35

List at least 5 key elements of the OSHA standards designed to protect emergency responders who have been exposed to bloodborne pathogens

Answer 35

• Infection exposure control plan
• Adequate education & training
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Methods of control
• Hepatitis B vaccination
• Housekeeping
• Labeling
• Post exposure evaluation

Question 36

List at least 5 signs & symptoms of stress

Answer 36

• Irritability w/ family, friends, & coworkers
• Inability to concentrate
• Difficulty sleeping/nightmares
• Loss of appetite
• Loss of interest in work
• Loss of interest in sexual activity
• Anxiety
• Indecisiveness
• Isolation
• Guilt

Question 37

List 4 types of calls that have a higher potential for causing stress in EMS providers

Answer 37

• Multiple casualty incidents (MCI)
• Severe injuries
• Calls involving children & infants
• Death of coworker
• Abuse & neglect

Question 38

List and define 5 emotional stages a dying patient may go through

Answer 38

• Denial: “Not me”, patient denies that they are dying
• Anger: “Why me?”, patient becomes angry at the situation
• Bargaining: “OK, but first let me-“, patient wants to postpone death, if even for a short while
• Depression: Patient is sad and depressed about the situation
• Acceptance: Patient accepts death

Question 39

List and explain the actions required of the EMT to respond to danger

Answer 39

• Plan: Know what to do in an emergency & prepare in advance
• Observe: Be aware of surroundings & potential sources of danger
• React: “3 R’s” of reacting, 1. Retreat to safe location, 2. Radio for help, 3. Reevaluate the situation for safety