final lecture endocrine

Question 1

what produces mineral corticoids?

Answer 1

zona glomerulosa in adrenal cortex

Question 2

what is primary secretion of endocrine system?

Answer 2

aldosterone

Question 3

function of aldosterone?

Answer 3

major regulator of sodium and potassium balance by increasing kidney absoprtion of sodium and secretion of potassium

Question 4

where are herring bodies located?

Answer 4

in posterior pituitary, PARS NERVOSA

Question 5

what hormones accumulate in axonal terminal dilations called herring bodies?

Answer 5

anti-diuretic hormone and oxytocin

Question 6

ADH does what?

Answer 6

aka vasopressin. increases permeability of renal collecting ducts

Question 7

oxytocin

Answer 7

stimulates contraction of mammary gland myoepithelial cells and uterine smooth muscle

Question 8

what is the function of the infundibulum?

Answer 8

attaches pituitary gland to hypothalamus. contains neurosecretory axons eminating from hypothalamus.

Question 9

where is infundibulum located?

Answer 9

posterior lobe of pituitary

Question 10

where is hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract located and what does it do?

Answer 10

infundibulum of endocrine system, carries ADH and oxytocin

Question 11

what produces calcitonin?

Answer 11

parafollicular cells in thyroid gland

Question 12

what does calcitonin do?

Answer 12

lowers blood calcium by inhibiting osteoclast activity

Question 13

types of parenchymal cells?

Answer 13

pinealocytes and interstitial glial cells

Question 14

what do pinealocytes produce?

Answer 14

melatonin

Question 15

what do interstital glial cells produce?

Answer 15

light receptor stimulates melatonin release

Question 16

what is corpora arenacea and where is it located?

Answer 16

brain sand, pineal gland

Question 17

where is pineal gland located?

Answer 17

posterior wall of 3rd ventricle

Question 18

what produces parathyroid hormone?

Answer 18

principal cells, epithelial cells.

Question 19

what does PTH target?

Answer 19

osteoblasts, kindey, small intestine

Question 20

what does PTH do?

Answer 20

increase blood calcium

Question 21

what are catecholamines?

Answer 21

a chemical class of hormones secreted in adrenal cortex by chromaffin cells. noepinherphrine and epinhephrine

Question 22

function of epinephrine and noepinephrine?

Answer 22

regulate stress response and stimulate glycogen breakdown

Question 23

acidophils?

Answer 23

type of chromafil in pars distalis or anterior pituitary. produce and secrete GH and prolactin