Conceptual Knowledge Flashcards

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1
Q

Parallel Processing and distributed knowledge represent the

A

Connectionist Approach

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2
Q

connections between neurons vary in

A

strength

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3
Q

connection between neurons can be

A

facialiatory or inhibitory

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4
Q

facialiatory connections are given

A

positive weight

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5
Q

Connections between synapses can change through

A

synaptic consolidation (fire together wire together)

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6
Q

The connectionist approach involves:

A

Creating computer models for representing cognitive processes
Parallel distributed processing
Knowledge represented in the distributed activity of many units
Weights determine at each connection how strongly an incoming signal will activate the next unit

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of units in the simple connectionist model?

A

Output
Input
Hidden

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8
Q

The activity of a unit is the sum of

A

The activation weights of each unit that are input to it.

Summation Effect

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9
Q

Learning in a Connectionist Model

A

Stim input to network
Stim info propagates thru network
Accurate Feedback
Error signal (diff between activity and correct activity)
Back prop- error signal back to start
Weights change to match output to correct signal
repeat til error signal is zero

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10
Q

Disruption of performance as system is damaged

A

Graceful Degradation

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11
Q

SPAUN is

A

Semantic Pointer Architecture Unified Network

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12
Q

SPAUN has which neural regions repped?

A

Pre-Frontal Cortex- dorsal lateral, ventral lateral, OFC
Visual 1-3 and Inferior temporal cortex
Thalamus
Posterior Parietal cortex

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13
Q

SPAUN can read and process

A

numbers, letters

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14
Q

SPAUN shows which two effects related to working memory?

A

Recency and Primacy

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15
Q

Limits of Spaun

A
  • Simulates only a part of the full brain
  • Can’t learn new tasks
  • Can’t process more than a few numbers and a few symbols
  • Computationally slow
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16
Q

Knowledge that enables people to recognize objects and events and to make inferences about their properties.

A
  • conceptual knowledge
17
Q

The idea that we can decide whether something is a member of a category by determining whether the object meets the definition of the category.

A
  • Definitional approach to categorization
18
Q

In hierarchical organization, what are the levels?

A

superordinate (global: sports)
Basic (ball sports
subordinate (specific: soccer)

19
Q

That concepts are organized in the mind in networks is the

A

semantic network approach

20
Q

Collins and Quillian’s Hierarchical Model
has categories repped by

A

nodes

21
Q

a procedure in which a person is asked to determine word vs non-word

A

lexical decision task

22
Q

In studying 3 patients with brain damage from encephalitis, Warrington and Shallice found

A

They each had category specific impairment

  • trouble recognizing items
23
Q

Mirror neurons in the ______ fire when watching and doing the same actions

A

Prefrontal cortex

24
Q

condition where there is a general loss of knowledge for all concepts

A

Semantic Dementia

(usually damage to the anterior temporal lobe)

25
Q

hub and spoke model

A

A model of semantic knowledge that proposes that areas of the brain that are associated with different functions are connected to the anterior temporal lobe (hub), which integrates information from these areas.