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CTLE Past Board Exam > General Chemistry > Flashcards

General Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

He discovered the nucleus with his “Gold Foil” experiment.

A

Ernest Rutherford

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2
Q

He is credited with the discovery of electron in an atom.

A

J.J. Thomson

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3
Q

Which of the following is an intensive property?

A

Density

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4
Q

Which of the following is an extensive property?

A

Weight

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5
Q

Brass is an example of ___________.

A

Homogeneous mixture

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6
Q

Methane is an example of __________.

A

Compound

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7
Q

Which of the following is not an example of observable physical
property?

A

Mass

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8
Q

It is the number of proton in nucleus.

A

Atomic number

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9
Q

Atoms of the same element with varying number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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9
Q

He formulated the Periodic Law.

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

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9
Q

He arranged the elements in the periodic table in groups of 8’s like
from lithium to sodium also known as “Law of Octaves”.

A

John Newlands

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9
Q

He arranged the elements in the periodic table in groups of 3’s or
triads also known as “Law of Triad”.

A

Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner

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10
Q

A substance that has the ability to dissolve or disperse one or more substances?

A

Solvent

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11
Q

A solution with solute that dissolves until it is unable to dissolve anymore, leaving the undissolved substances at the bottom.

A

Saturated solution

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12
Q

A solution that completely dissolves, leaving no remaining
substances.

A

Unsaturated solution

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13
Q

A solution that contains more undissolved solute than the saturated solution because of its tendency to crystallize and precipitate.

A

Supersaturated solution

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13
Q

Which of the following is arranged in increasing atomic size?

A

Mg > Ca > K > Fr

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14
Q

Which of the following elements is more electronegative: Cl, S, or
Mg?

A

Cl

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15
Q

Which of the following elements is more reactive: Li, Rb, or Fr?

A

Fr

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16
Q

The seven horizontal rows in the periodic table are called __________.

A

Periods

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17
Q

Group 7A is a family of _______

A

Halogens

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18
Q

It is the most ideal gas element.

A

Helium

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18
Q

These are properties that determine whether or not a substance will react chemically.

A

Chemical Properties (flammability, reactivity)

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18
Q

Which of the following elements (Br or Cu) has the higher ionization energy?

A

Br

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18
Q

Which has a larger ionic size ( Na+ or Mg2+)

A

Na+

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18
Q

Sodium carbonate is also known as?

A

Soda ash

18
Q

Agua regia is a/an ______.

A

solution

18
Q

It does not depend on the size or amount of the sample.

A

Intensive Property (color, odor, boiling point)

19
Q

These are properties that can be observed or measured.

A

Physical Properties (color, mass, length, volume, density, state,
conductivity, temperature.)

19
Q

Possible indication of chemical change:

A
  1. Change in color
  2. Change in temperature
  3. Apperance or disappearance of precipitate
  4. Evolution of gas
19
Q

Each element is
composed of extremely small particles called atoms.

A

Dalton’s Billiard Ball Model (1803)

19
Q

The atom is made up of negative electrons that float in a sphere of
positive charge like plums in a pudding. He discovered electron (cathode ray experiment).

A

Thomson’s Plum Pudding Model (1904)

19
Q

Discovered the nucleus of a gold atom with his “gold foil” experiment.

A

Rutherford’s Nuclear Model (1911)

19
Q

It depends on the size or amount of the sample.

A

Extensive Property (mass, volume)

20
Q

Nucleus surrounded by
orbiting electrons at different energy levels.

A

Bohr’s Planetary Model (1913)

20
Q

He formulated the Periodic Law.

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

20
Q

“Law of Octaves”

A

John Newlands

20
Q

He recognized the repeating pattern or the periodic behavior among elements. He studied the
relationship of the atomic volume and the relative atomic mass of 28 elements.

A

Julius Lothar Meyer

20
Q

It is the average distance between
nucleus and the valence electron.

A

Atomic Size (Atomic Radius)

20
Q

“Law of Triad”

A

Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner

20
Q

It is the ability of the atom to donate electrons.

A

Metallic Property

20
Q

Cation Radius < Neutral Atomic Radius (Example: Al3+ < Al )

A

Anion Radius > Neutral Atomic Radius (Example: O2− > O )

20
Q

It is the change in energy when an electron is accepted by a gaseous atom to form an anion.

A

Electron Affinity

20
Q

It is tendency of an atom to react.

A

Reactivity

21
Q

It is defined as the relative ability of an atom of an element to attract or gain electrons.

A

Electronegativity

21
Q

Decreasing (top to bottom, right to left)

A

Ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity

21
Q

It is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion.

A

Ionization Energy

21
Q

Increasing (top to bottom, right to left)

A

Atomic size, metallic property, reactivity

22
Q

It tells the shape of the orbital.

A

Azimuthal / Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l)

22
Q

The average distance of the electron from the nucleus in a particular orbital.

A

Principal Quantum Number (n)

23
Q

It describes the orientation of orbital.

A

Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)

23
Q

It shows the spin of electrons.

A

Spin Quantum Number (ms)

23
Q

Electron-transfer where one of the reacting atoms loses one or more electrons and the other atom gains
on or more electrons. (metal to non-metal)

A

Ionic Bonding

23
Q

It is formed by electron sharing,
usually between atoms of non-metals. (non-metal to non-metal).

A

Covalent Bonding

24
Q

The ratio of the total mass of each element to the total mass of one mole of the compound (MM) multiplied by 100%.

A

Percent Composition

24
Q

Gives the actual ratio of the number of moles of atoms in a mole of the compound.

A

Molecular Formula

24
Q

A mole is the amount of substance
that contains Avogadro’s number of particles equal to 6.02x1023.

A

Avogadro’s number

24
Q

Ability of a solvent to dissolve a salt at a particular temperature.

A

Solubility

24
Q

Solvent can still dissolve the
solute.

A

Unsaturated Solution

24
Q

Gives the simplest ratio of the
number of moles of atoms.

A

Empirical Formula

25
Q

If a solvent can’t no longer
dissolve a given solute at a given temperature.

A

Saturated Solution

25
Q

It is the sum of the atomic
masses (in u) of all the atoms in a molecule.

A

Molecular Mass (amu)

25
Q

It is the mass in grams of one mole
of a substance.

A

Molar Mass (g/mol)

25
Q

If the solvent can’t dissolve
the solute and need to be heated for it to be dissolved.

A

Supersaturated Solution

CTLE Past Board Exam (9 decks)

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