Dietary advice for caries prevention Flashcards
what are the 4 factors that could cause caries
- bacterial plaque
- tooth surface
- refined carbohydrates- non milk extrinsic sugars
- time
How does plaque biofilm form
- formation of salivary pellicle
- microorganisms
- large proportion of streptococcus - strep sangria, strep oxalis
- after 1-14 days the streptococcus dominated plaque changes to actinomyces dominated plaque
Name some specific sites where caries is found
- pits and tissues on occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars
-approximal surfaces - margins of restorations
what appearance does the early, initial or incipient lesion bring
- characteristic chalky surface
what link does human observational studies show
link between caries and diet
Tristan de Cuna, Vipeholm, Hopewood house , 2nd world war sugar rationing
Describe the observational study of the Tristan da Cuna
- many of the population was displaced
- moved to the uK
- Availability of sugar was low population
- On return to the island they monitored to see if caries has resulted in dental decay
describe the Hopewood House study
- 1947-1963
- children are in a home without oral hygiene regime and the evidence of fluoride did not develop caries
- diet-facto-vegrtarian
- lack of availability of fluoride on toothpaste
how much percentage of the West Midlands population consume fluoridated water?
70%
- these areas have better oral health at every level of deprivation
how can the frequency of intake of sugar be affected?
- diet analysis to identify sugar intake and hidden sugars
- intrinsic and extrinsic sugars
- medication that contains sugars
- identifying foods and drinks with high potential for dental caries(cariogenic)
- reducing sugary snacks
- modifying behaviour
which population provides a higher risk of caries?
- infants and toddlers - bottles who surgary drinks
- patients with reduced salivary flow, radiation, Sjogrens syndrome
- increased carbohydrate intake due to medical problem
- recreational drug users who have a craving for sugar
- athletes taking sport drinks
- occupational .. food sampling
- special diets.. pts needing bulk drinks on a frequent basis to increase their weight
- partners on liquid medication include chronically ill children,frial elderly and adults with special needs. Frequent liquid medications taken for analgesia, infections
what are the most prescribed liquids
Lactulose, Ensure,Amoxicillin, Fortisip, Morph sulphate, amoxicillin, gaviscon, oramorph, paracet
what are the HIGH risk caries groups
- the caries prone esp, early childhood caries (nursing bottle caries)
- medically, physically, chronic illness and impairment
- Socially deprived … Low socio economic groups
- Language and cultural barriers without access to care and treatment
what does reduced salivary flow cause
- xerostomia
- impaired salivary flow
- dry eyes dry mouth
- undergone specific treatment
- atrophy of tissue
- saliva influence caries process
- saliva buffers and neutralises PH
- salivary proteins increase thickness of pellicle
- undergone radiation treatment
- relive systems through salivary stimulants and substitutes
what are the specific preventive measures for high risk groups
- plaque control and regular tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste
- diet advice to modify intake of cariogenic foods and drinks to prevent dental caries
- use of fluorides
- use of fissure sealants
- regular oral checks with use of radiographs
what is the toolkit advice for preventing dental caries
- confectionary only at meal times
- only milk or water should be given to children in a feeder cup
- reduce soft drinks.. only at meal times… use a straw,.. do not use honey jam on a comforter
- do not give any sugar sweetened drinks at bedtime… only water
