Aileen Ellis's PMP Exam Prep Course Notes Cards Flashcards
Scrum is a type of this kind of development.
Agile
This says that Scrum is mint chocolate chip, a flavor of Agile that centers people.
Ice cream analogy
These three roles make up a Scrum team.
1) Product owner
2) ScrumMaster (aka, Facilitator)
3) Development team
In the Scrum framework, this person envisions the product and what it needs to be.
Product owner
Sprint/Iteration planning yields this.
Sprint backlog
Sprint execution yields this.
Potentially shippable product increment
This part of the sprint involves the review and/or demo of what is ready to ship.
Sprint/Iteration review
This part of a sprint involves lessons learned and process improvements that can be identified and executed.
Sprint retrospective
This involves the following 7 activities: sprint, sprint planning, daily scrum, sprint execution, sprint review, sprint retrospective, product backlog grooming.
Scrum
An organization will often estimate portfolio backlog items in terms of these sizes.
T-shirt
INVEST is an acronym describing criteria for these.
Good user stories
(1) Independent
(2) Negotiable
(3) Valuable
(4) Estimable
(5) Sized appropriately
(6) Testable
A team that has completed a user story writing workshop will prioritize stories via this.
Story mapping
The items at the ______________ of the product backlog are smaller and have more detail than the items below
top
The ______________ backlog contains higher level items such as features and user stories, which are larger units of work that often span multiple sprints.
product
A product backlog must contain items that are targeted for this.
The current release
DEEP (Roman Pichler and Mike Cohn): Describe these 3 characteristics of a good product backlog.
1) Detailed appropriately
2) Emergent and estimated
3) Prioritized
A development team spends how much of their time on product backlog refinement?
Up to 10%
In Scrum, these are not viewed as commitments, targets, or goals.
Product backlog estimates
During planning poker, which team gets to estimate?
Only the development team
This may have multiple sprints.
A project
Why are sprint lengths fixed?
To ensure predictability with regard to when a demo or review will occur.
Shorter sprints allow for this to be done more quickly and so, better.
Risk mitigation (team fail more quickly)
What word represents the amount of work that gets completed in a sprint?
Velocity
What are the only things counted when calculating velocity?
Story points of features that are done
What this is agreed to, a product owner commits to not changing it during a sprint.
Sprint goal
Who has the authority to terminate a sprint?
The product owner
In Scrum, this day is the same as an effort day.
Ideal day
What is the subset of the product backlog that the team plans to complete in the current sprint?
The sprint backlog
How are tasks in the sprint backlog estimated?
In hours
In Scrum, what describes how to build something?
Tasks
What is the determination of shipping a product increment?
Business decision
These are used when a team needs to spend time on work that is not directly related to a user story or requirement.
A spike
What type of release requires the scope of the release needs to be flexible?
Fixed-date release
What is a is a previously agreed period of time?
A time box
What is determined during sprint planning?
Sprint goal
What is done so the product backlog in Scrum maintains a prioritized state and gives the team has a clear understanding of the next most valuable work to be done?
Backlog grooming/refinement
This is created to provide a detailed plan for the next Sprint and a clear understanding of the work that the Development Team will do.
The sprint backlog
What team determines how to do the sprint-level tasks?
The development team
What kind of pace should every sprint have?
A sustainable pace
On a Scrum team, who is responsible for deciding what will be developed and in what order?
The product owner (or project manager is the product owner is not an option)
What is another word for the daily scrum?
Daily stand-up
In Scrum, what member of the Scrum team assigns work?
The development team
What is the Scrum framework based on?
1) Values
2) Principles
3) Practices
The primary function of this is to serve as a single source of requirements.
The product backlog
Which development methodology is better used among small project teams?
Agile
This development methodology allows for feedback for unfinished work to improve and modify that work.
Iterative
This development methodology provides a finished deliverable that the customer may be able to use immediately.
Incremental
These methodologies used together on the same project is called Hybrid.
Predictive and Agile
If defects can lead to loss of life, PMI would indicate a lean towards this development methodology for a project.
Traditional (Predictive)
This development methodology requires high levels of stakeholder involvement.
Agile, because sprints are short and engagement is continual.
What is a blanket term for many approaches, including Scrum, XP, Crystal, ScrumBan, AUP, FDD, DSDM?
Agile
What may be provided to a project via may be financial (revenue), shareholder-related, customer, employee knowledge (learning), channel partner-related means?
Value
What are provided first to reach a minimum viable product?
Most important features
What type of board shows the “what” of the project’s work execution?
Kanban or task board
What type of board shows the “how much” of the project’s work execution?
A burndown or burnup chart
What is the best way to meet and engage with stakeholders?
Face-to-face
What model involves the following steps: encode, transmit message, run into noise, decode, acknowledge (note: feedback or respond would be next)?
Communication
What type of communication is distributed like emails, letters, memos, and voice mails?
Push
What type of communication involves large quantities of information provided via databases or repositories like web portals, intranet sites, and SharePoint?
Pull
What is a communication method where you have several scrum teams with a Scrum Master who runs a daily standup, then conducts a standup of only the Scrum Masters?
Scrum of scrums
What technique allows for the visualization of scrum of scrums?
Release trains
What is defined as the effect of uncertainty on objectives?
Risk
What document considers types of technical, people, and management risks of a project?
Risk breakdown structure
What activity can result in group think and rabbit holing and many people don’t do it well?
Brainstorming
What document contains the risk methodology, roles and responsibilities for risk, stakeholder risk appetite (ex. risk prone, risk averse, risk neutral)?
Risk Management Plan
Where are lists of risks maintained?
Risk register
This document lists individual project risks, risk owners, and agreed upon risk responses.
Risk register
This document reflects an assessment of overall project risk exposure and agreed upon risk response strategy.
Risk report
When no plan is in place to address a risk because a risk was not identified in advance, you’d have to identify this.
Workaround
Bigger risk may require this type of analysis, which is more comprehensive, slower, and more expensive.
Quantitative
This type of analysis determines which risk the project is most sensitive to.
Sensitivity analysis
This type of risk analysis does not involve holding other values at their baseline.
Modeling/Simulation
This type of risk analysis does involve holding other values at their baseline.
Sensitivity analysis
This type of risk analysis precedes quantitative risk analysis.
Qualitative
These types of risks are dealt with via escalation, avoidance, transferring, mitigating, or accepting.
Threats
These types of risks are dealt with via escalation, exploitation, sharing, enhancing, and acceptance.
Opportunities
This is defined as anyone who can impact or be impacted (or believes they can be impacted) by a project.
Stakeholder
This project document includes assessment info, identification info, and classification info regarding stakeholders.
Stakeholder register
This project document contains a strategy to engage stakeholders.
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
This is a business document that will show project objectives and an initial list of affected stakeholders (and ROI).
A business case
Name four stakeholder analysis models.
1) Power/interest
2) Power/influence
3) Influence/impact
4) Salience
This stakeholder analysis model considers power, urgency, and legitimacy.
Salience model
This is made up of management plans and baselines under strict change control.
Project plan
Project Documents like logs, registers, reports, estimates, and forecasts require what kind of change control?
Loose(r)
Name 2 business documents for a project.
1) Business case
2) Benefits management plan
These types of issues require engagement from project sponsors rather than day-to-day management activities.
Regulatory issues
This project document captures current and desired engagement levels of project stakeholders.
Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix
This project document shows connections among stakeholders and includes details like stakeholder name, current engagement level, desired engagement level, asks what do we need from them?, strategy, owner
Stakeholder engagement plan
What type of estimating provides information from past project or activity that contains similarities to a new one?
Analogous
What type of estimating takes a lot of data from which a statistician generates an algorithm and ensures a higher level of accuracy?
Parametric
What type of estimating includes a mid-range level of accuracy since it provides more than a single point estimate?
Three-point
The PERT formula is associated with which type of estimation?
Three-point
What is the PERT formula for three-point estimation?
(P + 4ML + O)/6
What types of estimates should be developed by the people who do the work/perform the tasks?
Schedule and costs
_________________ is how decisions are made on a project.
Governance
How is the Cost Performance Index calculated?
CPI=Earned Value (EV)/Actual Cost (AC)
(EV divided by AC)
This project document includes information about is about identifying and acquiring resources needed—team members, equipment, materials.
Resource management plan
What project document does the team develop, describing their operating guidelines
Team charter
What type of reserves are for unidentified project costs (unknown unknowns)?
Management reserves
What type of reserves are for identified project costs, like reword (known unknowns)?
Contingency reserves
The 100 Percent Rule is observed when a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) contains all work but this kind of work.
Extra
What is the external exercise referring to what the current project is trying to achieve (“historical data” refers to projects conducted in the past)?
Benchmarking
This type of chart helps to predict when work will be completed.
Burndown
What is a project team’s tool for assessing product backlog against current issues?
Impediment log
Once a vision and a high-level product backlog have been defined, the project will visualize a series of releases. What is this visualized series of releases called?
Product roadmap
The order of schedule activities in which development metholodogy is Create WBS, Define activities, Estimate resource requirements < - > Estimate durations, Determine critical path, Finalize project schedule?
Predictive
If a task on this falls behind, it’s on the critical path.
Near critical path
Changes to the schedule have the least impact when they are identified at this time.
Early
Stakeholder engagement plans focus on this.
Building relationships with others
What document focuses on how team members are going to interact with each other; how they’ll deal with conflict; what are the team guidelines?
The team charter
What series of documents is the team charter not part of?
Project plan
What is defined as being suitable for its intended purpose while satisfying customer expectations?
Quality
The cost of this includes prevention costs, appraisal costs, and failure costs.
Cost of Quality (CoQ)
These are the costs of planning and executing a project so it is error-free.
Prevention costs
These are the costs of evaluating processes and their outputs to ensure quality.
Appraisal costs
These are the costs that result from poor quality, such as rework or defects.
Failure costs
Proactive costs to ensure quality (ex. training)
Conformance
Reactive costs because of poor quality (ex. rework)
Non-conformance
What activity allows for proactive improvement of implementation of processes?
Quality audit
Name 3 means of surveying quality.
1) Metrics
2) Audits
3) Feedback
What type of system can help to standardize the process of quality control and ensure continuous quality improvement?
Quality Management System
PMI likes to implement _______ to address root cause and obtain systemic improvement
systems
What is defined as the features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result?
Product scope
What is defined as the work performed to deliver a product, service, or result with specified features and functions?
Project scope
When requirements are gathered via this technique, ideas that lead to those requirements have already been generated.
Focus groups
What is the document that will guide the project team in defining the project scope?
Scope Management Plan
These plans tell how to do something associated with a project.
Management plans
Which project document tells how to identify and manage the scope?
Scope management plan
What type of analysis is best done by questionnaires and surveys?
Statistical analysis
What is the method by which PMI says confidential information is collected?
Interviews
What kind of analysis is not a requirements gathering activity since it is related to quantitative risk analysis?
Sensitivity analysis
What is essential to accurate requirements collection?
Early and frequent stakeholder involvement
In Predictive project management, what document creates a hierarchical decomposition of work?
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
What is the lowest level of the WBS?
The work package
What level is one level above the work package on the WBS?
Control Account/Cash Account
What WBS concept oversees the Control Account?
Control Account Manager
How is each feature in the product backlog measured?
Story points or Ideal days
How is each task in the sprint backlog measured?
Effort hours or Ideal hours
Scope creep can be mitigated by a good/well developed ______________ process.
change control
Who owns quality control? Who owns scope validation?
1) Quality control is owned by an internal project team.
2) Scope validation is owned by a customer or project sponsor.
