WEEK 12 & WEEK 13 GROUP PRESENTATIONS

Question 1

Cerebral Palsy

Answer 1

• refers to a group of disorders in the development of motor control and posture

-occurs as a result of a non-progressive impairment of the developing central nervous system.

-The motor disorders can be accompanied by disturbances of sensation, cognition, communication, perception, and/or seizure disorder.

Question 2

Autism

Answer 2

-is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts brain development

• causing most individuals to experience communication problems, difficulty with social interactions and a tendency to repeat specific patterns of behaviour.
• There is also a markedly restricted repertoire of activities and interests.

Question 3

Down Syndrome

Answer 3

• a chromosomal condition that occurs when an error in cell division results in an extra chromosome 21.
• Down syndrome can affect a person’s cognitive ability and physical growth, cause mild to moderate developmental issues, and present a higher risk of some health problems.

Question 4

Spinal Cord Injury

Answer 4

• any sustained damage to the spinal cord, or the nerves at the end of the spinal canal.
• This can permanently impact many physiological areas, such as sensations, strength, motor ability and any other functions.
• When the spinal cord is damaged, the highway is essentially closed. Nerve impulses can’t get through. This results in loss of mobility and sensation below the level of injury.

Question 5

Traumatic Brain Injury

Answer 5

• a non-degenerative, non-congenital insult to the brain from an external mechanical force
• possibly leading to permanent or temporary impairment of cognitive, physical, and psychosocial functions, with an associated diminished or altered state of consciousness.

Question 6

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 6

• autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (brain, spinal cord).
• attacks myelin, the protective covering of the nerves, causing inflammation and often damaging the myelin.
• Myelin is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses through nerve fibres.
• If damage to myelin is slight, nerve impulses travel with minor interruptions; however,
• if damage is substantial and if scar tissue replaces the myelin, nerve impulses may be completely disrupted, and the nerve fibres themselves can be damaged.

Question 7

Stroke

Answer 7

• when blood stops flowing to any part of your brain, damaging brain cells.
• The effects of a stroke depend on the part of the brain that was damaged and the amount of damage done.

-Knowing how your brain works can help you understand your stroke.

Question 8

Parkinson’s Disease

Answer 8

• a neurodegenerative disease.
• Movement is normally controlled by dopamine, a chemical that carries signals between the nerves in the brain.
• When cells that normally produce dopamine die, the symptoms of Parkinson’s appear.

Question 9

Osteoporosis

Answer 9

• a disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, which can lead to increased risk of fracture.
• Known as the “silent thief”, bone deterioration can occur over a number of years without any symptoms.
• Unfortunately, by the time affected bones break or fracture, the disease is already fairly advanced and less treatable.
• The most common fractures associated with osteoporosis are in the hip, spine, wrist, and shoulder.