People To Know

Question 1

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 1

Father of modern psychology (studied humans in labs first)
Structuralism, voluntarism, introspection

Question 2

Sigmund Freud

Answer 2

Developed psychoanalytic approach
Ideas heavily influenced by Darwin

Question 3

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 3

Behavioral approach
Classical conditioning
Conducted experiments on dogs

Question 4

B. F. Skinner

Answer 4

LITTLE RAT (and pigeon) MAN
Radical behaviorism: behavior should only be studied objectively using scientific method
Operant conditioning chamber (Skinner box): hungry rat in a box

Question 5

William James

Answer 5

Influenced by Darwin
Functionalism: a school of psychology that focuses on how our mental/behavioral processes function- how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish

Question 6

Charles Darwin

Answer 6

Theory of Evolution (evolutionary approach)
Natural selection
Inspired William James
Function > Structure

Question 7

Dorothea Dix

Answer 7

Woman who pushed for changes in treatment of mentally ill

Question 8

Max Wertheimer

Answer 8

Gestalt psychologist (look at whole)
Phi phenomenon
Book: Productive Thinking

Question 9

John Watson

Answer 9

Built on work of Edward Thorndike (Law of Effect: behavior followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated, unpleasant consequences reduced/stopped; puzzle box)
Behaviorism
Little Albert
Reject study of mental processes

Question 10

Carl Rogers

Answer 10

Founder of humanistic approach

Question 11

Jean Paiget

Answer 11

First studied cognitive development of children

Question 12

Phineas Gage

Answer 12

Frontal lobe damage
Had trouble sticking to plans, lost impulse control

Question 13

Edward B. Titchener

Answer 13

Brought Wundt’s ideas to US
Structuralism: study of conscious experience by breaking it down into most basic “structures” using introspection

Question 14

Abraham Maslow

Answer 14

Hierarchy of needs