Chapter 8 - Trust, Justice and Ethics

Question 1

Reputation

Answer 1

the prominence of an organizations brand and perceived quality
- depends on trust and vulnerability

Question 2

Justice

Answer 2

the perceived fairness of an authority’s decision making

Question 3

ethics

Answer 3

when employees percieve high levels of ethics, they believe that things are being done the way they “should be” ir “ought to be” done

Question 4

disposition-based trust

Answer 4

trust rooted in one’s own personality, as opposed to careful assessment of the trustee’s trustworthiness
- has more to do with the trustor (high vs low trust prospensity)

Question 5

cognition-based trust

Answer 5

trust rooted in a rational assessment of the authority’s trustworthiness

Question 6

affect-based trust

Answer 6

trust dependent on feelings toward the authoruty that go beyond any rational assessment of trust worthiness

Question 7

trustworthiness

Answer 7

characeristics or attributes of a trustee that inspire trust

Question 8

1st dimension of trustworthiness: ability

Answer 8

relatively stable capabilities of people for performing a range of related activities

Question 9

2nd dimension of trustworthiness: benevolence

Answer 9

the belieft that an authority wants to do good from a trustor, apart from any selfish or profit-centered motives

Question 10

benevolent authorities

Answer 10

care for employees, concern for well being and sense of loyalty

Question 11

3rd dimension of trustworthiness: integrity

Answer 11

the perception an authority adheres to a set of values and principles that the trustor finds acceptable
1. sound character
2. keeps promises
3. questions about integrity extend beyond senior management

Question 12

types of trust explained

Answer 12

affect:more emotional than rational
disposition: genes and early life experiences
cognition: rationally evaulate the plus and minuses of an authority

Question 13

Justice

Answer 13

observable, behavioural evidence that an authority might be trustworthy

Question 14

distributive justice

Answer 14

equity vs equlaity vs need
- rewards should be allocated to proper norm
- equity norm is typically judged to be the fairest chpice to maximize the productivity of individal employees

Question 15

procedural justice

Answer 15

• the perceived fairness of the decision-making process
• voice: employees get to express opinions
• correctability: chance to request an appeal when procedure seems ineffective
• consistency, bias suppression, representativeness and accuracy = neutral and objective

Question 16

procedural vs distributive

Answer 16

procedural justice tends to be a stronger driver of reactions to authorities than distributive justice

Question 17

interpersonal justice

Answer 17

• percieved fairness of treatement recieved to employees from authorities

Question 18

interpersonal

respect rule

Answer 18

pertains to whether authorities treat employees in a dignified and sincere mannner

Question 19

interpersonal

proprietary rule

Answer 19

reflects whether authorities refrain from being offensive or abusive pr rude

Question 20

informational justice

Answer 20

• percieved fairness of the communications provided to employees from authorities

Question 21

informational

justification rules

Answer 21

mandate that authorities explain decision-making procedures and outcomes in a reasonable manner

Question 22

truthfulness rule

Answer 22

requires that those communcations be honest and candid

Question 23

ethics primary thread

prescriptive in nature

Answer 23

• how people ought to act using various codes and principles
• dominant lens in discussion of legal ethics, medical ethics and economics

Question 24

ethics primary thread

descriptive in nature - dominant lens

Answer 24

scholars rely on scientific studies to observe how people tend to act based on certain individual and situational characeristics

Question 25

whistle-blowing

Answer 25

employees exposing illegal or immoral actions by their employer

Question 26

Four-Component Model of Ethical Decision Making

Answer 26

indvidual factors / situational factors
moral awareness –> moral judgement –> moral intent –> ethical behaviour

Question 27

four component

moral awareness

Answer 27

• recognition by an authority that a moral issue exists in a situatation

Question 28

moral intensity

Answer 28

the degree to which an issue has ethical urgency: a particular issue is high in moral intensity if it has higher potential harm/if there’s high social pressure surrounding it

Question 29

moral attentiveness

Answer 29

the degree to which people chronoically percieve and consider issues of morality during their experiences
-report more several ethical dilemmas

Question 30

four component

moral judgement

Answer 30

the process people use to determine whether a particular course of action is ethical or unethical

Question 31

Kohlberg’s theory of cognitive moral development

Answer 31

people’s movement through several states of moral development, each more mature and sophisticated than the prior one

Question 32

kohlberg stages

1. preconventional stage

Answer 32

right vs wrong is based on consequences

Question 33

kohlberg stage

conventional stages

Answer 33

right vs wrong is references to the expecations pf family and society

Question 34

kohlberg stage

Postconventional stage

Answer 34

right vs wrong is referenced to a set of defined, established mopral principles

Question 35

moral principles

Answer 35

prescriptive guides for making moral judgements

Question 36

four component

moral intent

Answer 36

the authority’s degree to commitment to the moral course of action
- they WANT to act ethically

Question 37

four component

moral identity

Answer 37

the degree to which a person view himself as a moral person
- volunteering
- lives influenced by their morals
- won’t call in sick

Question 38

trust and job performance

Answer 38

moderate positive effect
- vulnerable employees = higher levels of task performance and citizenship behaviour

Question 39

trust and organizational commitment

Answer 39

trust has high effect on affective commitment and normative commitment
- higher chance of emotional bond
- sense of obligation
- positive feelings

Question 40

economic exchange

Answer 40

work relationships that resemble a contractual agreement by which employees fulfill job dutities in exchange for financial compensation

Question 41

as trust increases

social exchange

Answer 41

work relationships characterized by mutual investment, with employees willing to engage in “extra mile” behaviours