Intro to Immunology

Question 1

Innate Immunity (recognition mechanisms)

Answer 1

rapid response, fixed, limited number of specificities, constant during response, initiates the adaptive response

common effector mechanisms for the destruction of pathogens

Question 2

Adaptive Immunity (recognition mechanisms)

Answer 2

slow response, variable, numerous highly specific specificities, improve during response

common effector mechanisms for the destruction of pathogens

Question 3

Innate immunity consists of

Answer 3

barriers (skin), phagocytes (endocytose bacteria), complement (serum protein for innate recognition)

Question 4

opsonin

Answer 4

something that increases the pahgocytosis of an object by binding to the object

Question 5

complement

Answer 5

group of serum proteins involved in innate and adaptive immunity, important in inflammation, clearing out bacteria

Question 6

antigen

Answer 6

molecule recognized by antibody or T-cell receptor

Question 7

CD3

Answer 7

mature T-cells

Question 8

CD28

Answer 8

recognition of presenting cells

Question 9

CD40

Answer 9

co-stimulatory molecule

Question 10

CD 40L

Answer 10

ligand for CD-40

Question 11

CD25

Answer 11

IL-2 receptor (high affinity)

Question 12

eosinophil

Answer 12

granulocyte, kills antibody coated parasites through release of granule contents

Question 13

dendritic cell

Answer 13

basophilic cell, activates T cells and initiates adaptive immune response

Question 14

mast cell

Answer 14

basophilic cell, expulsion of parasites from body through release of granules containing histamine and other active agents

Question 15

monocyte

Answer 15

mononuclear phagocytes, circulating precursor cell to macrophage

Question 16

macrophage

Answer 16

mononuclear phagocytes, phagocytosis and killing of microorganisms, activation of T cells and initiation of immune response

Question 17

lymphocytes

Answer 17

production of antibodies (B cells) or cytotoxic and helper functions (T cells)

Question 18

natural killer cells

Answer 18

lymphocyte, kills cells infected with certain viruses

Question 19

neutrophil

Answer 19

lymphocyte, phagocytosis and killing of microorganisms

Question 20

tissues with resident macrophage

Answer 20

liver, skin, connective tissue, brain, bone, joints, lungs