Hematological Malignancies

Question 1

how is Leukaemia Classified?

Answer 1

Question 2

What cells are indicative of leukaemia classifications

Answer 2

Question 3

what characteristics are used to classify leukaemia

Answer 3

Now based on WHO classification system of classification
o Morphology, immunophenotype, genetic

Question 4

Why do we bother classifying the leukaemias?

Answer 4

Different prognosis
o Different treatment regimens

Question 5

What is Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML)

Answer 5

Abnormal proliferation of myeloid blasts in the bone
marrow (maturational arrest)
* Highly heterogeneous with a variable prognosis

Question 7

how is AML Classified?

Answer 7

o ≥ 20% blasts in the bone marrow or peripheral blood

Question 8

how many main subgroups of AML

Answer 8

6

Question 9

explain the AML subgroups – Recurrent genetic abnormalities

Answer 9

t(15;17) PML-RARA
* PML – promyelotic leukaemia gene
* RARα is a retinoic acid receptor
* PML-RARα fusion protein acts as a
transcriptional repressor, interfering with gene
expression and arresting maturation beyond the
promyelocyte stage