Respiratory System

Question 1

Is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.

Answer 1

Respiratory System

Question 2

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in millions of small air sacs called _______ in mammals and reptiles, but atria in birds.

Answer 2

Alveoli

Question 3

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in millions of small air sacs called alveoli in mammals and reptiles, but _____ in birds.

Answer 3

Atria

Question 4

These air sacs communicate with the external environment via a system of airways, or hollow tubes, of which the largest is the _______, which branches in the middle of the chest into the two main bronchi.

Answer 4

Trachea

Question 5

These air sacs communicate with the external environment via a system of airways, or hollow tubes, of which the largest is the trachea, which branches in the middle of the chest into the two main _______.

Answer 5

Bronchi

Question 6

These enter the lungs where they branch into progressively narrower secondary and tertiary bronchi that branch into numerous smaller tubes, the ___________.

Answer 6

Bronchioles

Question 7

In birds, the bronchioles are termed ___________.

Answer 7

Parabronchi

Question 8

Air has to be pumped from the environment into the alveoli or atria by the process of _________ which involves the muscles of respiration.

Answer 8

Breathing

Question 9

In most fish, and a number of other aquatic animals the respiratory system consists of _____, which are either partially or completely external organs, bathed in the watery environment.

Answer 9

Gills

Question 10

Filamentous respiratory organs that increase surface area for gas exchange in water.

Answer 10

Gills

Question 11

Saclike respiratory organs with branching tubes that deliver air to a respiratory surface.

Answer 11

Lungs

Question 12

They have the most efficient vertebrate lungs.

Answer 12

Birds

Question 13

Supplemental airway when breathing is labored.

Answer 13

Oral Cavity (Mouth)

Question 14

Double-layer membrane with a fluid-filled space between layers; keeps lungs airtight and helps them stick to chest wall during breathing.

Answer 14

Pleural Membrane

Question 15

At rib cage, skeletal muscles with roles in breathing. There are two sets of intercostal muscles (external and internal).

Answer 15

Intercostal Muscles

Question 16

Muscle sheet between the chest cavity and abdominal cavity with roles in breathing.

Answer 16

Diaphragm

Question 17

Chamber in which air is moistened, warmed, and filtered, and in which sounds resonate.

Answer 17

Nasal Cavity

Question 18

Airway connecting nasal cavity and mouth with larynx; enhances sounds; also connects with esophagus.

Answer 18

Pharynx (Throat)

Question 19

Closes off larynx during swallowing.

Answer 19

Epiglottis

Question 20

Airway where sound is produced; closed off during swallowing.

Answer 20

Larynx (Voice Box)

Question 21

Airway connecting larynx with two bronchi that lead into the lungs.

Answer 21

Trachea (Windpipe)

Question 22

Lobed, elastic organ of breathing; enhances gas exchange between internal environment and outside air.

Answer 22

Lung (One of a Pair)

Question 23

Increasingly branched airways starting with two bronchi and ending at air sacs (alveoli) of lung tissue.

Answer 23

Bronchial Tree