Avian A&P

Question 1

birds do not have a diaphragm (t/f)

Answer 1

true

Question 2

birds have an incomplete trachea (t/f)

Answer 2

false

Question 3

birds are colorblind (t/f)

Answer 3

false

Question 4

what type of feather covers the body and the wings and can be identified as either flight or body feathers

Answer 4

contour

Question 5

what bone is not pneumatized

Answer 5

patella

Question 6

what type of feather is soft, fluffy and has the purpose of providing insulation

Answer 6

down feathers

Question 7

what is the external opening through what droppings pass

Answer 7

vent

Question 8

the uyropygial gland is also called the ____ gland

Answer 8

preen

Question 9

another name for the sternum is the

Answer 9

keel

Question 10

the ___ is the largest muscle birds have

Answer 10

pectoralis

Question 11

what does the integument of birds include

Answer 11

skin, beak, claws, and feathers

Question 12

define zygodactyl

Answer 12

the 2nd and 3rd digits point anteriorly while digit 1 and 4 are positioned posteriorly

Question 13

define anisodactyl

Answer 13

the 1st digit point posteriorly while digit 2-4 are pointing anteriorly

Question 14

5 types of feathers

Answer 14

contour, semiplume, down, filoplume, bristle

Question 15

what are pneumatic bones (name a few)

Answer 15

hollow bones linked to air sacs / respiratory system ; skull, vertebrae, pelvis

Question 16

what are the pectoral muscles used to assess

Answer 16

body condition

Question 17

what is the function of the coprodeum

Answer 17

receives feces from the rectum

Question 18

what are the three components of normal bird droppings

Answer 18

liquid urine, cream urates, feces

Question 19

what makes up the white portion of bird droppings

Answer 19

urates

Question 20

what is the major excretion product in birds

Answer 20

urates

Question 21

which side of the female reproductive tract develops fully

Answer 21

the left side

Question 22

how long is the process from ovulation to egg laying

Answer 22

15 hours

Question 23

where does egg production take place

Answer 23

oviduct ; egg white and shell

Question 24

the bird heart is ____ times larger than that of mammals

Answer 24

1 1/2

Question 25

heart rates range from ____ bpm in large parrots and up to ____ bpm in very small spp

Answer 25

250-350 / 1400

Question 26

the control centers in the brain for ____ and ____ are larger than those for _____,______, and ______

Answer 26

vision / hearing ; taste, touch, smell

Question 27

what is the pectin oculi

Answer 27

highly vascular, ribbonlike structure that provides environmental stabilization of the fluid within the eye

Question 28

how are birds able to have voluntary control over the size of their pupils

Answer 28

iris contains striated muscles

Question 29

what diagnostic indicator is not useful in birds due to their voluntary control over their pupil size

Answer 29

PLR pupillary light response

Question 30

what does the external auditory canal do

Answer 30

funnels sound to the middle ear and tympanic membrane

Question 31

what is the columella

Answer 31

a single bone in the middle ear that connects to the inner ear

Question 32

within the inner ear is the labyrinth. what are its 2 functions

Answer 32

maintain balance and equilibrium / converts sound into nerve impulses

Question 33

what is feather destructive behavior also called

Answer 33

self mutilation / feather picking / plucking

Question 34

why do they wag their tail

Answer 34

happy and relaxed

Question 35

grinding of the beak

Answer 35

comfy and ready to fall asleep

Question 36

reguritate food

Answer 36

some do this for those they are closely bonded too

Question 37

chewing

Answer 37

“beaking” phase, will not outgrow

Question 38

biting

Answer 38

exhibit dominance, express fear, jealousy

Question 39

vocalization

Answer 39

communication, entertainment, exercise, response to discomfort / restraint