The Cell Cycle Flashcards
What does the cell cycle consist of
Interphase and mitotic phase
What does the interphase involve
Growth and DNA synthesis
What does interphase also include
Growth phase (G1), phase where DNA is replicated (S), Growth phase (G2)
What does the mitotic phase involve
Mitosis and cytokinesis
What’s mitosis definition
Séparation of chromosomal material by the spindle microtubules
What’s cytokinesis definition
Séparation of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells
What does mitosis consist of
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
What happens in prophase
DNA condenses into chromosomes each consisting of two sister chromatids.
Nucleus membrane breaks down, spindle microtubules extend by MTOC by polymerisation and attach to chromosomes via their kinetochores in the centromere region.
What happens in the metaphase
Chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate (equator of the spindle)
What happens in the anaphase
As spindle microtubules shorten by depolymerisation, sister chromatids are separated, and the chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles.
What happens in the telophase
The chromosomes decondense and nucleur membranes are formed around them.
