body image Flashcards
what is body image?
A multidimensional construct that reflects a person’s feelings, perceptions, cognitions, and behaviours related to their body’s appearance and/or function
what are the 4 dimensions of body image?
Affective
Perceptual
Behavioural
Cognitive
what does the Affective Dimension of body image mean?
Body-related emotions that stem from thinking about our body
size, shape, and/or function
1. Social physique anxiety : anxiety from perceived or actual judgments by others (e.g., “everyone is staring at my nose”)
2. Body related Shame: feeling negatively about oneself (e.g., “I am ugly”)
3. Body related Guilt: feeling negatively about doing, or not doing, a behaviour (e.g., “I ate way too much today”) (regret)
4. Body Related Pride: Body-related pride: a positive emotion; a feeling of satisfaction withone’s behaviour or physical attributes
what are the 2 types of Body Related Pride under the Affective dimension of body image?
Body Related Pride: Body-related pride: a positive emotion; a feeling of satisfaction withone’s behaviour or physical attributes
Authentic pride: Satisfaction with fulfilling intentions
(e.g., “I met my exercise goals this week!”)
Hubristic Pride: Sense of superiority over others
(e.g., “I am the fittest person here!”) (EGO)
What is the Perceptual Dimension of body image?
Accuracy between a person’s Perceived versus actual
characteristics about one’s body
Body dysmorphia: distorted view of perceived flaws of our bodies (ex. my ears look weird (but they dont look weird to others))
Muscle dysmorphia: distorted view of one’s muscles
What is the Cognitive dimension of Body image?
The Thoughts, Beliefs and Evaluations we have about our body appearance and function
- E.g., are we satisfied with our body size, shape, or function?
(e.g., larger, smaller, stronger, taller, fitter, etc)?
how do u want to look (i wish i were stronger/ muscular)
what is the Behavioural Dimension of Body image?
Actions and choices we make based on our body image
(ex. wearing baggy clothes)
E.g., clothing management, avoiding social situations/events, extreme dieting, steroid and other drug use, excessive washing or cosmetic use, laxatives, etc.
factors associated with Body image development
Sex and gender
Age
Weight status
Illness
Culture
Environmental factors
Physical activity & sports involvement
do people that play sports and people that dont play sports have a difference in their body image of themsleves?
No relatively constant
sometimes it will affect if in a sport that is concerned with how your body looks such as body building or figure skating
what are the 4 theories of body image?
- Sociocultural theories
- Self-Presentation theory
- Social Comparison theory
- Self-Discrepancy theory
what does the sociocultural theories state about body image development?
Tripartite Influence Model
Body image develops through three socializing agents:
Media (can have positive or negative but usually negative can create shame or envy)
Parents (can negatively influence through teasing, or encouraging weight control)
Peers (can influence negative through negative comments or teasing)
these factors can create weight stigma
what is self-presentation theory of body image development?
- Self-presentation: attempting to control how others perceive us (i.e., impression management)
Impression construction: creating an image that one wishes to convey to others
Impression motivation: one’s drive to control how others see them
what is Social Comparison Theory of body image development?
Downward social comparisons:
* Comparing ourselves to those who are “worse off”than we are on attributes we value (e.g. appearance, body shape, physical skill)
* Can lead to positive feelings, thoughts, and behaviours, but can be problematic:
-Linked to hubristic pride
Upward Social Comparisons:
* Comparing ourselves to those who are “better off” than we are on attributes we value (e.g. appearance, body shape, physical skill)
* can lead to two potential outcomes:
-Engaging in actions to reduce the discrepancybetween oneself and others (positive)
-Negative body image
what is Self-Discrepancy Theory in body image development?
- Compare self to internalized standards called self-guides
Two types of self-guides
1. Ideal self: aspirations of what I want to be (ex. i can bench 50lbs i want to bench 100%)
2. Ought self: beliefs about what I think I should be
(ex. im good at sports but i suck at tennis, so am i good at sports?)
higher the discrepancy worse the body image
ex. if 2 people want to bench 100lbs one can bench 90 and one can bench 20lbs person benching 20lbs worse body image
does hubristic pride under affective dimension have a positive or negative relation in physical activity participation?
negative (meaning they do less PA)
because they think they’re already good enough
