ATP Flashcards

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1
Q

What does ATP consist of ?

A
  • Nitrogenous organic base
  • Ribose sugar
  • 3 phosphate groups
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2
Q

What are the uses of ATP

A

PROVIDING ENERGY
for active transport, muscle contraction and protein synthesis

and

PHOSPHOYLATION
of molecules to lower Ea / make substrates more reactive

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3
Q

What is the function of ATP

A

As an immediate source of energy (for biological processes like metabolism) because only 1 bond needs to be hydrolysed

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4
Q

In which reactions is ATP produced

A

photosynthesis and IN respiration

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5
Q

How is ATP resynthesized

A

ATP is resynthesized by the condensation of ADP and Pi. This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme ATP synthase during photosynthesis, or during respiration.

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6
Q

How is ATP hydrolysed

A

using ATP hydrolase, by breaking one of the bonds between the inorganic phosphate groups by the addition of a water molecule, releasing a small amount of energy to the surroundings

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7
Q

What is phosphorylation

A

making other compounds more reactive

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8
Q

What are the 5 ATP properties?

A
  • ATP releases energy in small manageable amounts so no energy is wasted as heat
  • It’s small and soluble to easily transport around the cell, so it can move in cytoplasm with ease to provide energy for chemical reactions
  • Only one bond is hydrolysed to release energy so the energy release is immediate
  • It can transfer energy to another molecule by transferring one of its phosphate groups, so it can phosphorylate other compounds (make them reactive)
  • ATP can’t pass out of cell so cell always has an immediate source of ATP
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