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earth science > Earth science test global warming and energy > Flashcards

Earth science test global warming and energy Flashcards

1
Q

Which color of the visible light has the shortest waveleangth?

A

violet

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2
Q

Sort these wave leangths from longest to shortest :
Visible light, Infrared, UV

A

Infrared ,visible light, UV

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3
Q

What makes up the greatest amount of electroaegnetic energy reaching earth’s surface

A

Visible light

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4
Q

Which process transfers heat though mollecular collisions?

A

Conduction

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5
Q

If there are two cup of water one being hot and one being cold with a metal bar connecting them describe the flow of energy and by was transfer?

A

Hot water to cold water by conduction

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6
Q

In a closed system seperated by a metal dividing bar if one side were to lose 10 degrees celcius how much would the other side decrease or increase by??

A

increase by abt 10 degrees celcius

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7
Q

How does transfer of heat through conduction work?

A

The heat vibrates a molecule which heat up other molecules by hitting into them (direct touch)

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8
Q

Which process primarily transfers heat by moving air?

A

convection

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9
Q

When energy transfers through convection in the air what happens?

A

hot air rises and cold air sinks

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10
Q

The air above a burning candle is heated and rises what type of heat transfer is this and what is the change in are density?

A

Convection and density decreases

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11
Q

An ice cube is an area of hot air. What is the source and sink?

A

the ice cube is a sink and the air is the source

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12
Q

when water is propelled upward and water is also propelled down due to a heat source what is causing this?

A

differences in density in the water

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13
Q

when water is being heated up what happens?

A

hot less dense water rises and more dense cool water sinks

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14
Q

if a room is being heated where in the room wil the density of the wair be the ggreatest?

A

near the floor

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15
Q

which process transfers energy primarily through electromagnetic waves?

A

radiation

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16
Q

heat energy will normally flow from

A

hot to cold

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17
Q

if a fire is lit where is transfer of enrgy through convection?

A

right above it

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18
Q

How does the ozone layer protect living things earth?

A

it blocks harmful UV rays

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19
Q

what is temperature?

A

the average kinetic energy

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20
Q

When does transformation of heat often happen?

A

when there is friction

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21
Q

What is heat energy measured in ?

A

Joules

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22
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

the energy of motion of atoms and molecules

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23
Q

Specific heat def

A

Resistance a material presents to heating up or cooling off. (The amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1g of the material by 1 C)

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24
Q

What has the highest specific heat?

A

liquid

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25
Q

What has a major moderating effect on weather and climate?

A

large bodies of water

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26
Q

What is melting?

A

Change from solid to liquid when heat is added

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27
Q

what is Solidification (freezing)

A

changing from liquid to solid as heat is removed

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28
Q

What is Evaporation
(vaporization)

A

changing from liquid to a gas as heat is added

29
Q

what is Condensation

A

changing from gas to liquid as heat is removed

30
Q

What is Sublimation

A

changing from gas directly into a solid or solid to gas bypassing the liquid phase

31
Q

What is latent heat?

A

heat energy which is added or taken away form a material or substance, and it is used for the change in phase

32
Q

Insolation =

A

Incoming Solar Radiation

33
Q

What actually is insolation?

A

The portion of the sun’s output of electromagnetic radiation that us recieved by earth at the outermost part of our atmosphere

34
Q

Reflection

A

When energy bounces off a material

35
Q

Refraction meaning

A

Energy can pass through matter and bend as it exits the material

36
Q

Results of refraction

A

rainbows, seeing a fish in water when its actually ahead of it.

37
Q

What is scattering?

A

Energy can be dispersed in many different direction as it interacts with matter

38
Q

Transmission

A

When energy passes through a material

39
Q

What is absorption?

A

energy can be taken into a material and remain there like a sponge

40
Q

In a day how of much of insolation reaches the surface and how much is scattered and absorbed by the upper atmosphere?

A

54 % reach the surface and 46% scattered

41
Q

When does earth shed heat?

A

at night

42
Q

What is one factor that can affect insolation?

A

Weather- clouds block insolation from getting to earth’s surface

43
Q

What is the angle of insolation and what is it’s rule?

A

The angle that insolation strikes the earth and as it increases so does the intensity of insolation

44
Q

when is there a higer angle of incidence?

A

when the sun is higher in the sky this caused more insolation to be absorbed

45
Q

What are some other factors that affect insolation?

A

latitiude, season, duration of insolation

46
Q

What is the affect of duration of insolation?

A

if the sun is out for a longer period of time the more insolation

47
Q

During summer if you go farther north water happens to the duration of insolation?

A

it gets longer

48
Q

During the winter what happens to the duration of insolation if you go farther south?

A

the longer duration of insolation

49
Q

During equinoxes what happens to the duration of insolation everywhere around earth?

A

it is equal all around the earth

50
Q

where do people experience “midnight” sun or 24 hours of daylight depending on the solstice

A

latitudes 66.6 N and higher and 66.5 S and lower

51
Q

What are some symptoms of midnight Sun

A

Hypomania(trouble sleeping), unusual mood of excitement of irritableness

52
Q

Where do polar nights occur or 24 hours of darkness depending on the solstice?

A

latitudes 66.5 N and higher and 66.5 S and lower

53
Q

What are the symptoms of polar nights?

A

Fatigue, depression, solipsism syndrome(loneliness, detachment from own world)

54
Q

which surfaces absorb and radiate quicker

A

dark and rough surfaces

55
Q

which surfaces are highly reflective to sunlight?

A

ice and snow (smooth and light)

56
Q

GOOD ABSORBERS ARE….

A

GOOD RADIATORS

57
Q

When short visible/UV rays are absorbed and reradiated by earth what happens

A

those rays turn into long infrared rays

58
Q

During the day what does the earth absorb?

A

UV rays and visible light

59
Q

At night was does the earth reradiate?

A

long infrared rays

60
Q

/what is the heat given off by earth called?

A

terrestrial radiation/ground radiation

61
Q

Why do we lose most of our heat on a clear, calm, dry night?

A

no clouds to trap heat

62
Q

What cuts down incoming solar radiation causing cooling?

A

Dust and Pollutants

63
Q

What caused global warming?

A

Green house gases trappinng outgoing infrared radiation

64
Q

What are the three greenhouse gases?

A

Co2, Water Vapor and Methane

65
Q

Greenhouse gases cause the earth to be about what temperature and what would it be without the greenhouse gases?

A

abt 60 degrees F but without it 0 degrees

66
Q

What does the burning of wood and fossil fuels do to harm our atmosphere?

A

they release Co2 and other green house gases which intensify the Greenhouse affect

67
Q

What does global warming result in?

A

Sea levels rising due to melting of ice caps

68
Q

What is global warming?

A

An increase in Earth’s surface temeprature

69
Q

What can we do to reduce the number of greenhouse gases?

A
  1. stop burning fossil fuel
  2. use eco-friendly products
  3. car pool
  4. use alternative enrgy sources

earth science (21 decks)

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