Neuro

Question 1

Broca’s Area

Answer 1

Frontal lobe, expressive aphasia

Question 2

Wernicke’s Area

Answer 2

Temporal lobe, receptive aphasia

Question 3

Normal CPP

Answer 3

> 60

Question 4

Decorticate Posture

Answer 4

Abnormal flexion

Question 5

Decerebrate Posture

Answer 5

Abnormal Extension

Question 6

Battle sign

Answer 6

Bruising of mastoid area(behind ears) indicative of basal skull fx to middle fossa

Question 7

ALS

Answer 7

Progressive neurodegenerative disease

Upper and lower motor neuron defeneration

No demyelination in this

Question 8

Normal protein amount for negative LP

Answer 8

Low
High protein in LP is positive finding…meningitis, SAH etc

Question 9

Epidural Hematoma

Answer 9

• Usually arterial
• Caused often by linear fx of temporal bone
• Unconsciousness, alert then rapid deterioration r/t uncal herniation

Question 10

FLACC Scale

Answer 10

Pediatric pain assessment
Face, legs, activity, cry, consolability

Question 11

Highest risk of SAH having sudden HTN

Answer 11

Rebleeding

Question 12

Increased ICP treatments

Answer 12

Drain CSF
Hyperventilate to cause cerebral vasoconstriction
Mannitol

Question 13

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 13

Autoimmune disorder where IgG antibodies are produced against acetylcholine receptors causing interference of neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction

muscle weakness and fatigue

Question 14

Raccoon Eyes

Answer 14

Ecchymosis/bruising and sweeping of both eyes caused by basal skull tx of anterior fossa

Question 15

Cerebellum

Answer 15

Balance and coordination

Question 16

Cerebrum

Answer 16

Upper levels of function including interrogation of thought and control of voluntary functions

Question 17

Normal glucose amount CSF

Answer 17

60% serum

Question 18

B waves ICP

Answer 18

20-50 occurring q30sec-2min

Question 19

A wave ICP

Answer 19

50-100 lasting >2min

Question 20

Gag and swallow cranial nerves

Answer 20

IX and X

Question 21

Monro Kellie Hypothesis

Answer 21

If one intracranial content goes up the other two will go down to prevent increase in ICP

Question 22

Scalp laceration and depression skull fx

Answer 22

Big infx risk and need emergency surgery d/t potential for bone fragments to get into brain as well
Position pt with affected side up

Question 23

Signs/causes of uncal herniation

Answer 23

Cause can any type of brain bleed but epidural is often mentioned

First sign is Pupil changes from pressure on cranial nerve III

Last sign is respiratoy cessation

Question 24

Signs of central herniation

Answer 24

Pressure on RAS causes decrease in LOC

last change is resp cessation

Question 25

Cranial nerves important for eating

Answer 25

V trigeminal
VII facial
IX glossopharyngal(swallow)
X vagus(gag)
XII Hypoglossal tongue

Question 26

Kernig sign and brudzinski

Answer 26

Meningitis
Kernig-resistance to extension of leg while hip flexed
Brudzinski- flexion of hip and knees when flexing neck

Question 27

Contraindications fibrinolytic therapy

Answer 27

Seizures(indicate possible hemorrhagic stroke)
Many others

Question 28

HOB post infratentorial craniotomy

Answer 28

0 deg
Weight puts pressure on brain stem