Ionic Bonding C2 Flashcards
What are ions?
Ions are charged particles, they can be single ions (e.g. Cl-) or groups of atoms (e.g.)m NO-3). When atoms lose or gain electrons they’re trying to get a full outer shell.
What happens to non-metals and metals when they form to make ions.
When metals form ions, they lose electrons to form positive ions. When non-metals form ions, they gain electrons to form negative ions.
What groups are most likely to form ions and why?
Groups 1,2, 6 and 7 are most likely to form ions because they only have to lose or gain 1-2 electrons which makes it easy for them to get a full outer shell.
What is a cation?
A cation is a positive ion.
What is an anion?
An anion is a negative ion.
What happens when a metal and a non-metal react together?
When a metal and non-metal react together, the metal can lose electrons to form a positive ion and the non-metal can gain electrons to form a negative ion. These oppositely charged ions are strongly attracted to one another by electrostatic forces to form an ionic bond.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance made up of 2 or more different chemical elements
What are some characteristics and properties of ionic compounds?
Ionic compounds have high melting points and boiling points due to the strong attraction between the ions, it takes a large amount of energy to overcome this attraction. Solid ionic compounds don’t conduct electricity because the ions are in a fixed place and can’t move. But when an ionic compound melts, ions are free to move and will carry an electric charge. Many dissolve easily in water.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of an ionic lattice structure?
The lattice structure shows the scale of the ions but it only lets you see the outer layer of the compound.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a ball and stick model?
The ball and stick model shows the arrangements of ions but the scale is wrong because there aren’t really gaps between ions and the ions are different sizes.
What structure do ionic compounds form?
Ionic compounds have giant ionic lattice structures. The ions form a closely packed regular lattice. These are very strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions in all directions.
Explain why the ionic compound caesium chloride conducts electricity when molten.
When it is in a solid form the ions are fixed and can’t move but when it’s molten, the ions are free to move therefore can conduct electricity.
