Demography - Deaths Flashcards
deaths / ageing population
death rate - def
the number of deaths per 1,000 of the population per year
decline in death rate
TRANTER
over 3/4 of the decline from 1870 - 1970 was due to fall of diseases
e.g TB / small pox
decline in death rate
social factors (5)
- improved nutrition
- medical improvements
- smoking and diet
- public health measures
- other social changes
decline in death rate
improved nutrition
MCKEOWN
improved nutrition responsible for 1/2 reduction in death rates especially dor reduction in TB
- doesn’t explain why females who had a smaller share of food lived longer
decline in death rate
medical improvements
- advances in introduction of anti biotics / immunisation
- NHS set up in 1948
- greater knowledge
decline in death rate
smoking and diet
HARPER
HARPER – greatest reduction due to less people smoking / sugesting we are moving to an american health culture with ( long life span through medication)
- howeber obestity has replaced smoking but deaths remain low due to medication
decline in death rate
Public health measures
20th century laws past
* improved housing
* purer wayer
* sugar axes
* improved sewage disposes
decline in death rate
other social changes
- decline of dangerous occupations
- smaller families
- higher income - healthier lifestlye
what is life expectancy ?
refers to how long on aberage a person born in a given year can expect to live
decline in death rate
gender / reigonal differences
- women live longer
- north has lower life expectancy
- WC manual jobs 3x more likely to die before 65
what is the ageing population?
Avergage age of the UK is rising with more people 65+ than to those uner 18
3 causes of an ageing population
- increasing life expectancy
- declining infant mortality
- declining fertility
Effects of ageing populaiton ( 4)
- 1 person pension household
- dependency ratio
- ageism
- Bean pole families ( extended families)
- Increase in tax / national insurance to fund services - public services
ageism
public services
- older people consume more healthcare / services
- changes to policies of housing / transport needing to be developed
ageism
1 person pensioner household
accountd for 12.5% of all households