Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm - Test 2 > Anti-Virals > Flashcards

Anti-Virals Flashcards

1
Q

Antiviral MOA (3)?

A
  1. Interfere with nucleic acid sysnthesis.
  2. Interfere with virus ability to bind to cells.
  3. Some stimulate the bodies immune system to work harder.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anti-herpetic agents (10)?

A
  1. Zovirax (IV/PO/Topical)
  2. Cytovene (IV/PO)
  3. Valtrex (PO)
  4. Famvir (PO)
  5. Valcyte (PO)
  6. Foscavir (IV)
  7. Vistide (IV)
  8. Denavir (Topical)
  9. Viroptic (Opthalmic)
  10. Zirgan (Opthalmic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Indicated for HSV1, HSV2, Herpes Zoster (shingles)?

A
  1. Valtrex (PO)

2. Famvir (PO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Indicated for CMV retinitus and prophylaxis?

A
  1. Valcyte (PO)

2. Cytovene (IV/PO/Intraocular)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Indicated for CMV retinitus in AIDS patients?

A

Vistide (IV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Indicated for Herpes Labialis?

A

Denavir (Topical)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Herpes keratitis?

A

Viroptic (Opthalmic)

Zirgan (Opthalmic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Herpes conjunctivitis?

A

Viroptic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Acyclovir (Zovirax) –>

A

Route: IV / PO / Topical
Indications: HSV1, HSV2, Herpes Zoster, HSV encephalitis, Herpes Zoster Opthalmicus, Varicella
MOA: Selectively inhibits viral DNA synthesis
Metabolism: unknown.
Excretion: Renal
Dose:
HSV1, HSV2 in immunocompetent patients - 400 mg tid x 7 - 10 d.
Drug interactions: Cidofovir (Vistide), streptozocin
Adverse effects: burning (topical), nephrotoxicity (IV).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Focavir (IV) –>

A

Route: IV
Indications: CMV retinitis, acyclovir resistant HSV 1 and HSV2 immunocompromised patients.
MOA: selectively inhibiting viral DNA synthesis.
Metabolism: Unknown
Excretion: Renal
Dose: Adult - 90 mg/kg every 12 hrs x 2-3 weeks. Max dose 120 mg/kg/d
Monitor creatinine clearance and electrolytes
Black box warning: use only for indications.
Adverse effects: hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypermagnasemia, hypokalemia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anti- influenzae agent (2)?

A
  1. Relenza (Inhaled) (diskhaler)

2. Tamiflu (PO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Zanamivir (Relenza) (Inhaled) –>

A

Route: dry powder for inhalation by diskhaler
5 mg / inhalation.
Indications: prophylaxis in treatment for influenza A and B and influenza sub-types H1N1 and H3N2.
Dose: Prophylaxis- Adults / pediatrics over 5, 2 puffs every day x 10 d. Need to start within 36 hrs of index case.
Dose: Treatment- Adults / pediatrics over 7, 2 puffs every 12 hr x 5 days. Need to start withing 48 hrs of onset of illness.
MOA: Inhibits enzyme nuramedase which inhibits viral replication.
Metabolism: none
Excretion: Renal
Side effects: Bronchospasm. Use with extreme caution in asthma / COPD patients.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stage 1 of AIDS?

A

Acute stage
3-6 months, mild flu like symptoms
Only positive for viral load testing
seroconversion occurs late in this stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stage 2 of AIDS?

A

Asymptomatic stage
up to several years
swollen lymph glands are the only symtpom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stage 3 of AIDS?

A

Symptomatic stage

Rashes, infections, fungal infections occur late in this stage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Stage 4 of AIDS?

A

Late stage
CD4 < 200
Open to all oppurtunistic infections
MAC, PCP, CMV, Toxoplasmosis

17
Q

HAART therapy?

A

Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy.
Goal is to reduce plasma level of HIV RNA (viral load) to < 50.
Involves 3-4 drugs.

18
Q

What are the six drugs classifications for HAART therapy?

A
  1. NRTI - Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
  2. NNRTI - non-Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
  3. PI - Protease inhibitor (resistance develops quickly)
  4. NtRTI - NucleoTide reverse transcriptase inhibitor
  5. Fusion inhibitor
  6. Integrase inhibitor
19
Q

What are the 3 classes of RTIs?

A
  1. NRTI
  2. NNRTI
  3. NtRTI
20
Q

NRTI drugs (4)?

A
  1. Ziagen (PO)
  2. Emtriva (PO)
  3. Epivir (PO)
  4. Retrovir (AZT) (PO / IV)
21
Q

NNRTI (1)?

A

Sustiva (PO)

22
Q

PI (1)?

A

Ritonavir + Lopinavir (Kaletra) (PO)

Resistance develops quickly to PI drugs.

23
Q

NtRTI (1)?

A

Tenofovir (Viread) (PO)

24
Q

What is reverse transcripatase?

A

An enzyme that converts single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA.

25
Q

HIV therapy guidelines- what are 7 factors for consideration?

A
  1. Efficacy
  2. Toxicity
  3. Pill burden
  4. Dosing frequency
  5. Drug interactions
  6. Resistance test results
  7. Co-morbid conditions
26
Q

Preferred therapy for non-pregnant patient?

A

Efavirenz + Tenofovir + (Emtricitabine or Lamivudine)

27
Q

Alternative therapy for non-pregnant patient?

A

Efavirenz + Abacavir + (Emtricitabine or Lamivudine)

28
Q

Preferred therapy for pregnant patient?

A

Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra) + Zidovudine (Retrovir) (AZT) + (Emtricitabine or Lamivudine)

29
Q

Alternative therapy for pregnant patient?

A

None.

30
Q

Special indications for Zidovudine (Retrovir) (AZT)?

A
  1. Postexposure prophylaxis in HIV exposed health care workers.
  2. Reduce transmission rate from HIV positive mother to fetus.
31
Q

What do you monitor with HAART protocol precautions (6)?

A
  1. Plasma HIV RNA (viral load)
  2. CD4 counts
  3. CBC
  4. LFTs
  5. Renal function
  6. Blood glucose levels

Pharm - Test 2 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions